Method for preparing biodiesel through catalysis of natural biomass solid acid catalyst

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing biodiesel through catalysis of a natural biomass solid acid catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: 1, washing, drying and crushing the natural biomass, weighing and impregnating the crushed biomass, and taking out and drying the biomass; 2, impregnating acidified biomass in a metal salt solution, taking out and drying; 3, placing the biomass loaded with metal salt in a muffle furnace for roasting to obtain a natural biomass solid acid catalyst; and 4, adding the prepared biomass solid acid catalyst, short chain alcohol and oil into a batch reactor for esterification and an ester exchange reaction; after the reaction, conducting reduced pressure distillation to remove excessive short chain alcohol; and standing to delaminate glycerol and biodiesel produced in the reaction, wherein the biodiesel product is on an upper layer. According to the invention, natural renewable biomass is used as a raw material for direct acidification, without carbonization, so as to realize low cost and high biological diesel oil yield; besides, the prepared catalyst has advantages of good mechanical strength, particle size conducive to recovery, and no secondary pollution.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to biodiesel, in particular to a method for preparing biodiesel by catalyzing a solid acid catalyst using natural biomass as a raw material. Background technique [0002] Biodiesel is recycled oil. In recent years, with the depletion of petroleum resources and the gradual deterioration of the environment, biodiesel, a renewable resource, has been paid more and more attention. It has gradually been widely accepted as a substitute for high-quality, low-sulfur, low-toxic petrochemical diesel. At present, the catalyst used in the process of biodiesel production is initially acid solution catalysis, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, but its product is difficult to separate from the catalyst, which seriously corrodes the reaction equipment, has many side reactions, and causes great environmental pollution. Later, the introduction of solid acid-base catalysts solved the problem of difficult separation of catalysts and products, but t...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the above-mentioned preparation method wastes most of the organic matter in the natural biomass. The carbonized carbon-based material not only reduces the volume and weight significantly, but also reduces its mechanical strength to a large extent compared with the natural biomass. Tiny carbon powder is difficult to recycle in industry, and it is easy to cause secondary pollution