Preparation method of lithium metal through electrolysis

A lithium metal and electrolytic cell technology, which is applied in the field of electrolytic preparation of lithium metal, can solve the problems of adsorbent loss, ion sieve granulation difficulties, etc., and achieve the effects of low energy consumption, high lithium extraction efficiency, and environmental friendliness

Active Publication Date: 2013-04-10
QINGDAO INST OF BIOENERGY & BIOPROCESS TECH CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The ion sieve used in the ion exchange adsorption method is difficult to granulate, and the loss of the adsorbent is serious, so there are still many problems in large-scale application

Method used

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  • Preparation method of lithium metal through electrolysis
  • Preparation method of lithium metal through electrolysis
  • Preparation method of lithium metal through electrolysis

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[0029] The enrichment of lithium ions in the present invention and the preparation conditions of metal lithium are normal temperature and pressure, a certain DC voltage is applied between the cathode and the anode, and the negative potential is on the cathode, so that lithium ions pass through the diaphragm from the anode area to the cathode area. The organic electrolyte is reduced to lithium and deposited on the surface of the cathode current collector. The reaction in the cathode area is carried out under an inert gas protection atmosphere to prevent the entry of air and water.

[0030] In the present invention, the anode cavity is an aqueous solution containing lithium ions, including but not limited to lithium chloride (LiCl), lithium sulfate (Li 2 SO 4 ), lithium hydroxide (LiOH) and other common lithium salt aqueous solutions, and lithium-ion-containing cation mixed solutions (such as brine, natural seawater concentrate, lithium-containing mineral solution), etc.

[003...

Embodiment 1

[0042] The device of the present invention is as figure 1 As shown, the thickness of two pieces is 5mm and the area is 100cm 2 Copper sheets were fixed on both ends of the anode and cathode chambers as current collectors, and 500ml lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) The organic electrolyte is injected into the cathode cavity and completely covers the copper current collector, the thickness of the area is 1mm, and the area is 120cm 2 Lithium-ion conductor ceramic LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 Fix between the cathode cavity and the anode cavity, keep the cathode cavity well sealed, take 500ml of concentrated seawater and inject it into the anode cavity, connect the anode and cathode wires to the circuit, adjust the voltage to 3.2V, and discharge the seawater in the anode cavity after 24 hours of deposition , the organic electrolyte in the cathode cavity is recovered in a glove box filled with argon, and a current collector copper sheet deposited with metal lithium is obtained. The tes...

Embodiment 2

[0044] The two pieces have a thickness of 4mm and an area of ​​100cm 2 Nickel sheets are fixed on both ends of the anode and cathode chambers as current collectors, and 500ml of carbon propylene carbonate (PC) organic electrolyte is injected into the cathode chamber to completely cover the nickel current collector. The thickness of the area is 1mm, and the area is 120cm 2 The Li-ion conductor ceramic Li 0.5 La 0.5 TiO 3 Fix between the cathode cavity and the anode cavity, keep the cathode cavity well sealed, take 500ml of concentrated brine and inject it into the anode cavity, connect the anode and cathode wires to the circuit, adjust the voltage to 3.1V, and discharge the brine in the anode cavity after 24 hours of deposition , the organic electrolyte in the cathode cavity was recovered in a glove box filled with argon to obtain a current collector nickel sheet deposited with metal lithium.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of lithium metal through electrolysis, which comprises the following steps: at normal temperature and normal pressure, applying direct current voltage on an anode current collector and a cathode current collector so that potassium ions in a water phase in an anode chamber penetrate through a diaphragm having lithium ion conductor characteristics under the driving of the voltage, an organic solvent in a cathode chamber is reduced to a metal lithium single substance which is deposited and enriched on the surface of the cathode current collector to obtain the product, wherein the anode chamber of an electrolysis cell is filled with an aqueous solution at least containing the lithium ions, the cathode chamber od the electrolysis cell is filled with the organic solvent having the lithium ion conductor characteristics, the diaphragm for separating the anode chamber from the cathode chamber is a lithium ion conductor ceramic membrane having the lithium ion conductor characteristics or a composite membrane of a lithium ion conductor and a polymer, and the cathode chamber is in inert gas atmosphere. The electrolysis preparation method for lithium metal avoids severe conditions which are required to prepare lithium metal by a traditional high temperature molten electrolysis process, and has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high lithium extraction efficiency and high product purity and is environment-friendly and wide in raw material sources.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for enriching lithium ions and preparing metal lithium by an electrochemical method, and more particularly relates to a method for electrolytically preparing metal lithium. Background technique [0002] Lithium is the lightest silver-white metal in nature. Due to its strong chemical activity and other special properties, lithium is widely used in the glass ceramic industry, aerospace and energy fields, and is recognized as "the energy metal that promotes the world's progress. ", and its metals and salts are strategic materials of great significance in national economy and national defense construction. [0003] The battery industry is the largest consumer of lithium resources in the world. In the future, the consumption of electronic products such as mobile computers, mobile phones, digital cameras and mobile power tools will continue to increase. It is estimated that the market will choose more lithium-ion batteries;...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C1/02C25C7/04
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 崔光磊张传健张立学刘志宏胡浩
Owner QINGDAO INST OF BIOENERGY & BIOPROCESS TECH CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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