Electrolyte for high-voltage lithium battery and high-energy lithium battery including electrolyte

An electrolyte and high-voltage technology, which is applied in the field of high-voltage lithium battery electrolyte and high-energy lithium battery using this high-voltage electrolyte, can solve the problem of limiting the use and development of high-energy density batteries, and there is no good scientific explanation and mathematics. Model, reduce battery life and other issues, to achieve the effect of ensuring capacity, not easy to solidify, and improving cycle life

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-10-29
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, lithium cobalt oxide, ternary materials, and lithium iron phosphate materials are divided into three parts among the positive electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries on the market. The maximum charging cut-off voltage generally does not exceed 4.25V, and lithium iron phosphate is 3.7V. In lithium-ion batteries exceeding 4.3V, the oxidation ability of the positive electrode material is also enhanced, which can easily lead to the oxidation reaction of the electrolyte on the surface and interface of the positive electrode material, and then a large amount of gas will be generated, causing the internal pressure of the battery to increase and the battery to bulge. There are also flammable gases, such as H 2 , olefin gas, etc., which affect the safety of the battery and also reduce the service life of the battery
And batteries with a charging voltage exceeding 4.5V (based on LiNi 0.5 mn 1.5 o 4 and LiCoPO 4 The discharge voltage of

Method used

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  • Electrolyte for high-voltage lithium battery and high-energy lithium battery including electrolyte
  • Electrolyte for high-voltage lithium battery and high-energy lithium battery including electrolyte
  • Electrolyte for high-voltage lithium battery and high-energy lithium battery including electrolyte

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0037] LiPF 6Dissolve LiDFOB and LiDFOB respectively in the electronic grade organic solvent fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) mixed solvent with water content lower than 10ppm. The mass ratio of 20 parts of PC and 60 parts of DMC is configured as a mixed solvent, and electrolyte salt is added to it to dissolve, among which LiPF 6 The concentration of LiDFOB is 1.0mol / L, and the concentration of LiDFOB is 0.1mol / L.

[0038] Use the Mettler Karl Fischer C20 coulometric moisture tester to test the water content of the electrolyte ≤ 10ppm; use the acid-base titration method to titrate the acidity of the electrolyte ≤ 15ppm; use the Mettler conductivity meter FE30 to test the electrolyte at 25°C and - The conductivity at 40°C, the conductivity at 25°C is ≥10.88ms / cm, and the conductivity at -40°C is ≥0.8ms / cm; the wetting performance of the electrolyte tested by the contact angle tester is good. After all items are qualified in...

Embodiment 2

[0045] Mix 20 parts of FEC, 20 parts of PC and 60 parts of DMC evenly, after testing that the water content is less than 10ppm, refrigerate and add electrolyte salt LiPF 6 and LiDFOB, where LiPF 6 The concentration of LiDFOB is 1.0mol / L, the concentration of LiDFOB is 0.1mol / L, and 1.2% of additive 1-3-propane sultone is added thereto.

[0046] The production and testing of the battery are the same as in Example 1.

Embodiment 3

[0048] Mix 20 parts of FEC, 40 parts of PC and 40 parts of DMC evenly, after the water content is less than 10ppm, refrigerate and add electrolyte salt LiPF 6 and LiDFOB, where LiPF 6 The concentration of LiDFOB is 1mol / L, the concentration of LiDFOB is 0.05mol / L, and 1.2% of additive VC is added.

[0049] The battery manufacturing and testing methods are the same as in Example 1.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to an electrolyte for a high-voltage lithium ion battery using silicon or a silicon-carbon composite material as a cathode. The electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous organic solvent, lithium salt and an additive and further comprises fluoro-ester and dinitrile organic compounds, wherein the dinitrile organic matter accounts for 0.01-10% of the total mass of the electrolyte. Compared with the prior art, the electrolyte has the advantages that LiDFOB and the dinitrile organic compound are added in the electrolyte, so that an SEI membrane can be formed on the surface of a high-voltage anode effectively, and the fluoro-solvent can effectively form an SEI membrane on the surface of a silicon or silicon-carbon cathode; meanwhile, the SEI membrane has relatively low resistance at low temperature, so that the cross-over resistance of lithium ions is reduced, and the high-voltage and low-temperature circulating performance of the battery including the electrolyte is significantly improved. Moreover, the invention also discloses a high-energy lithium ion battery including the electrolyte.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a high-voltage lithium battery electrolyte and a high-energy lithium battery using the high-voltage electrolyte, belonging to the technical field of lithium batteries and battery electrolytes. Background technique [0002] With the rapid growth of my country's economy, science and technology have also developed rapidly, which has driven the rapid development of the electronics industry and the automobile industry, and various electrical appliances and automobiles powered by batteries have also flourished. Before the birth of lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and zinc-manganese batteries occupied most of the market, and also caused irreversible damage to our living environment. The disorderly management and random disposal of batteries, It pollutes the land and groundwater we depend on for survival. According to research, a nickel-cadmium AA battery can pollute several square kilometers of lan...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0566H01M10/0569H01M10/0568H01M10/0525
CPCH01M10/0525H01M10/0567H01M10/0569Y02E60/10
Inventor 张亮张兰董陶蔡迎军张锁江
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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