Low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material and preparation method thereof

A technology of composite materials and ammonium perchlorate, which is applied in the direction of ammonium perchlorate composition and explosives, can solve the problems of increased friction sensitivity of propellant grains, difficult control of product quality, and insignificant desensitization effect, etc., to achieve easy Scale-up preparation, good particle dispersion and high yield

Active Publication Date: 2015-12-16
INST OF CHEM MATERIAL CHINA ACADEMY OF ENG PHYSICS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Aiming at the problem of increased frictional sensitivity of propellant grains caused by ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate, Chinese patent CN102718187A has developed a method for preparing hollow ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate, but the direct problem it brings is low packing density, which affects the propulsion dose of energy
In the aspect of ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate coating research, Chinese patent CN103086815A invented a preparation method of styrene-coated ammonium perchlorate, patent CN103708423A uses nano-calcium phosphate to coat nano-scale ammonium perchlorate, which can effectively prevent agglomeration , but it is not possible to achieve a sense of desensitization
India Nandagopal (Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 2009, 34) uses a solvent-non-solvent method to coat ammonium perchlorate with a copolymer of hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride (HFP-VF), but the desensitization effect is not good. A large amount of polymer is required for coating, which affects the subsequent propellant energy
Chinese patent CN103030485A uses ethylenediamine and coupling agent KH792 to study the desensitization of ammonium perchlorate with a particle size of 3-7 μm. Although the amount of inert materials is less, the desensitization effect is not significant
At present, the main problems of this technology are reflected in the poor desensitization effect, the impact on the propellant energy due to the high amount of coating agent, the complicated preparation process, and the difficult control of product quality.

Method used

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  • Low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material and preparation method thereof
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  • Low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material and preparation method thereof

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Embodiment 1

[0031] Weigh 20g of superfine ammonium perchlorate, add it to 40g of cyclohexane, and ultrasonically disperse it at a frequency of 60kHz for 5 minutes and then stir it into a suspension. Dissolve 0.05g of bonding agent LBA-306 in 2.5g of methanol and add to high The ammonium chlorate suspension was heated to 45° C., stirred at 400 rpm, and treated at a vacuum of 50 mbar for 5 minutes to obtain the ammonium perchlorate suspension modified by the bonding agent.

[0032] Weigh 0.4g of graphite, add it to 5g of cyclohexane, and ultrasonically disperse it at a frequency of 100kHz for 10min, then stir it into a suspension, add it to the ammonium perchlorate suspension modified by the bonding agent, and heat it at 45°C, Apply 50mbar vacuum treatment at 400rpm for 15min, filter the material, wash with cyclohexane, and dry at 50°C for 48h to obtain 19.4g of low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite product, as shown in the scanning electron microscope figure 2 shown. I...

Embodiment 2

[0034] Weigh 20g of ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate, add it to 180g of toluene, disperse ultrasonically at 20kHz for 5 minutes and then stir to form a suspension. Dissolve 0.05g of bonding agent LBA-332 in 10g of acetone and add it to ammonium perchlorate The suspension was heated to 70° C., stirred at 750 rpm, and treated at a vacuum of 180 mbar for 10 minutes to obtain an ammonium perchlorate suspension modified with a bonding agent.

[0035] Weigh 0.4g of graphene oxide, add it to 40g of toluene, and ultrasonically disperse it at 100kHz for 10 minutes, then stir it into a suspension, add it to the ammonium perchlorate suspension modified by the bonding agent, and heat it at 70°C, Apply 180mbar vacuum treatment at 600rpm for 15min, filter the material, wash with toluene, and dry at 80°C for 12h to obtain 19.1g of low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite product, as shown in the scanning electron microscope image 3 shown. In the mechanical sensitivity test, ...

Embodiment 3

[0037] Weigh 50g of ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate, add it to 150g of n-heptane, disperse ultrasonically at 80kHz for 5min and then stir to form a suspension, dissolve 0.13g of bonding agent LBA-603 in 10g of chloroform, add into the ammonium perchlorate suspension, heated to 60° C., stirred at 600 rpm, and treated at a vacuum of 120 mbar for 8 minutes to obtain the ammonium perchlorate suspension modified by the bonding agent.

[0038] Weigh 0.5g of graphene, add it to 5g of n-heptane, disperse it ultrasonically at 80kHz for 10min, and then stir it into a suspension, add it to the ammonium perchlorate suspension modified by the bonding agent, and heat it at 60°C 120mbar vacuum treatment for 15min under 200rpm, adding 25g of 2% paraffin / petroleum ether solution to the suspension, continuing to apply vacuum treatment for 15min at this temperature, filtering the material, washing with n-heptane, and After drying at 60°C for 24 hours, 48.4g of low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing ultrafine ammonium perchlorate in an organic solvent to form a suspension, modifying the suspension by a bonding agent under stirring, heating and vacuum conditions, coating by using a functional carbon material dispersed in an organic solvent under the stirring, heating and vacuum conditions, processing by using a paraffin / petroleum ether solution, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain the low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material. The method is suitable for preparing low-sensitivity composite materials of various granularities and various morphologies of ultrafine ammonium perchlorate, and has the advantages of simple process flow, mild reaction conditions, good reappearance, high yield, and easy amplified preparation; and the obtained composite material has the advantages of good dispersion, smooth surface, uniform granularity distribution, and obviously reduced bumping sensitivity and friction sensitivity.

Description

technical field [0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of solid propellant materials, and more specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to a low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material for high burning rate propellants and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As a high-energy oxidant, ammonium perchlorate is an important component of energetic materials such as solid propellants, blasting explosives, pyrotechnic powders, etc., especially in solid propellants as the most commonly used oxidant material. In order to improve the propellant burning rate performance, superfine ammonium perchlorate (with a particle size below 5 μm) can be used instead of ordinary particle size raw materials. The use of a large amount of ultrafine ammonium perchlorate can significantly increase the propellant burning rate, however, the mechanical sensitivity of ultrafine ammonium perchlorate material als...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C06B29/22C06B45/32
Inventor 杨志剑李玉斌丁玲孙银双杨光成聂福德
Owner INST OF CHEM MATERIAL CHINA ACADEMY OF ENG PHYSICS
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