Low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing ultrafine ammonium perchlorate in an organic solvent to form a suspension, modifying the suspension by a bonding agent under stirring, heating and vacuum conditions, coating by using a functional carbon material dispersed in an organic solvent under the stirring, heating and vacuum conditions, processing by using a paraffin / petroleum ether solution, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain the low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material. The method is suitable for preparing low-sensitivity composite materials of various granularities and various morphologies of ultrafine ammonium perchlorate, and has the advantages of simple process flow, mild reaction conditions, good reappearance, high yield, and easy amplified preparation; and the obtained composite material has the advantages of good dispersion, smooth surface, uniform granularity distribution, and obviously reduced bumping sensitivity and friction sensitivity.

Description

technical field [0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of solid propellant materials, and more specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to a low-sensitivity ultrafine ammonium perchlorate composite material for high burning rate propellants and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As a high-energy oxidant, ammonium perchlorate is an important component of energetic materials such as solid propellants, blasting explosives, pyrotechnic powders, etc., especially in solid propellants as the most commonly used oxidant material. In order to improve the propellant burning rate performance, superfine ammonium perchlorate (with a particle size below 5 μm) can be used instead of ordinary particle size raw materials. The use of a large amount of ultrafine ammonium perchlorate can significantly increase the propellant burning rate, however, the mechanical sensitivity of ultrafine ammonium perchlorate material als...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Aiming at the problem of increased frictional sensitivity of propellant grains caused by ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate, Chinese patent CN102718187A has developed a method for preparing hollow ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate, but the direct problem it brings is low packing density, which affects the propulsion dose of energy

In the aspect of ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate coating research, Chinese patent CN103086815A invented a preparation method of styrene-coated ammonium perchlorate, patent CN103708423A uses nano-calcium phosphate to coat nano-scale ammonium perchlorate, which can effectively prevent agglomeration , but it is not possible to achieve a sense of desensitization

India Nandagopal (Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 2009, 34) uses a solvent-non-solvent method to coat ammonium perchlorate with a copolymer of hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride (HFP-VF), but the desensitization effect is not good. A large amount of polymer is required for coating, which affects the subsequent propellant energy

Chinese patent CN103030485A uses ethylenediamine and coupling agent KH792 to study the desensitization of ammonium perchlorate with a particle size of 3-7 μm. Although the amount of inert materials is less, the desensitization effect is not significant

At present, the main problems of this technology are reflected in the poor desensitization effect, the impact on the propellant energy due to the high amount of coating agent, the complicated preparation process, and the difficult control of product quality.

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