The invention relates to a process for the research and development of a colon-bacillus composite and speedy chromogenic identification reagent. The process is characterized in that: 1. First, the quality control method is determined through activation identification and biochemical identification of coliform groups, salmonella, shigella and staphylococcus aureus; 2. Basic nutrients are selected according to the needs of target strains; 3. It is verified by the auxanogram method that proper nutrition environments, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, minerals, microelements, nutrilits, etc. are all necessary for the growth and breeding of microbes; without any one thereof, the microbes can not grow, metabolize and breed normally; 4. A visualization reagent, a masking reagent and a synergistic agent are selected; 5. Composite selection is conducted; 6. The feasibility of the composite selection formula is verified through tests, verifications and examinations on the indexes of a speedy chromogenic substrate, including the specificity test, the sensitivity test, the real sample inspection, the false negative and false positive strain identification, the stability test, the repeatability test, the competing strain and mixed bacterium interference test, the detection time and detection rate tests. 7. The most suitable formula is selected through a factor level orthogonal combination test.