Lithium battery electrolyte

An electrolyte and lithium battery technology, applied in secondary batteries, organic electrolytes, non-aqueous electrolytes, etc., can solve problems such as combustion, safety hazards, and SEI film damage, and achieve good chemical stability, good flame retardancy, and thermal stability. Highly stable effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-12-14
恺时浦(上海)检测技术有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are many safety hazards in the lithium-ion battery itself. When the battery is in an abused state, the temperature of the battery system rises and the SEI film is destroyed, resulting in severe chemical reactions in direct contact between the electrode and the electrolyte. These reactions may generate free hydrogen. Radicals and hydroxyl radicals, thus further free radical chain reaction occurs and a large amount of heat is released at the same time, and the heat increases exponentially and upgrades the reaction between the electrolyte and the electrode. When the temperature of the battery system reaches a certain value, on the one hand It may lead to the decomposition of the electrolyte to produce alkane gas, which will cause combustion and explosion when it comes into contact with air or oxygen; on the other hand, the exothermic decomposition reaction of the positive electrode material may release a large amount of heat.

Method used

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  • Lithium battery electrolyte

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0038] Preparation of polyphosphorus nitrogen compounds

[0039] Weigh 10g of hexachlorotrimeric phosphazene, 0.1g of sulfamic acid, 0.08g of calcium sulfate dihydrate, and 20mL of 1-chloronaphthalene;

[0040] Set a condenser tube, drying tube, thermometer and mechanical stirring in a 500mL four-necked flask, add the above-mentioned substances into the four-necked flask, and raise the temperature to 230°C with nitrogen gas, keep the temperature for 5 hours, observe the viscosity of the material in the bottle, wait Stop the reaction when the viscosity rises obviously, if it exceeds 6 hours, stop the reaction;

[0041] Pour the above reaction solution into a 3000mL beaker containing 1200mL of heptane, stir until a white polymer precipitates out at the bottom of the cup, and separate the upper layer solution; the polymer at the bottom obtained after separation is polydichlorophosphazene.

[0042] Polydichlorophosphazene side chain substitution reaction:

[0043] Dissolve 23g o...

Embodiment 2

[0047] According to the method of Example 1, using n-pentyl p-hydroxypropyl benzoate as a substituting compound, a polyphosphorus nitrogen compound was prepared.

[0048] In an anhydrous, oxygen-free and argon-filled glove box, take 6mL of ethylene carbonate and 14mL of propylene carbonate organic mixed solution, add lithium hexafluorophosphate to the organic mixed solution to make the molar concentration 1mol / L, and finally add to the mixed solution 5% of the total mass of the electrolyte was slowly added to the polyphosphorus nitrogen compound prepared above, and the lithium-ion battery electrolyte was obtained after stirring evenly.

Embodiment 3

[0050] According to the method of Example 1, using 4-(4-hydroxybutyl)pyridine as a substituting compound, a polyphosphorus nitrogen compound was prepared.

[0051] In an anhydrous, oxygen-free and argon-filled glove box, take 6mL of ethylene carbonate and 14mL of propylene carbonate organic mixed solution, add lithium hexafluorophosphate to the organic mixed solution to make the molar concentration 1mol / L, and finally add to the mixed solution 5% of the total mass of the electrolyte was slowly added to the polyphosphorus nitrogen compound prepared above, and the lithium-ion battery electrolyte was obtained after stirring evenly.

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Abstract

The invention discloses lithium battery electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises solvent, lithium salt and flame retardant additive. The dosage of the lithium salt is 0.1-2.5mol/L. The dosage of the flame retardant additive is 0.1-30% of the total mass of the electrolyte. The flame retardant additive comprises polymerized phosphorus-nitrogen compounds. The lithium battery electrolyte provided by the invention is characterized in flame retardance, high chemical stability, high thermal stability and a high capacity retention ratio.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to lithium battery electrolyte. Background technique [0002] As a commercial application, the safety issue of lithium-ion batteries is still an important factor restricting its application development. There are many safety hazards in the lithium-ion battery itself. When the battery is in an abused state, the temperature of the battery system rises and the SEI film is destroyed, resulting in severe chemical reactions in direct contact between the electrode and the electrolyte. These reactions may generate free hydrogen. Radicals and hydroxyl radicals, thus further free radical chain reaction occurs and a large amount of heat is released at the same time, and the heat increases exponentially and upgrades the reaction between the electrolyte and the electrode. When the temperature of the battery system reaches a certain value, on the one hand It may lead to the decomposition of the electrolyte to produce alkane gas, which will cau...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/42
CPCH01M10/0567H01M10/4235H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 张鑫罗强强
Owner 恺时浦(上海)检测技术有限公司
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