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Method for recovering rhodium from inactive rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst

A homogeneous catalyst and waste catalyst technology, which is applied in the improvement of process efficiency, photography process, instruments, etc., can solve the problems of low leaching rate, low product purity, and high material consumption, and achieve improved reaction activity, high product purity, and material and energy consumption. low consumption effect

Active Publication Date: 2018-12-07
UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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Problems solved by technology

[0008] Aiming at the problems of deactivated rhodium-containing homogeneous catalysts in the process of recovering rhodium from the decomposition of organic matter to produce toxic and harmful gases, high material consumption, low product purity and low leaching rate, the present invention provides an efficient and environmentally friendly deactivated rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst Method for recovering rhodium in

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  • Method for recovering rhodium from inactive rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0038] The deactivated rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst was distilled at 100° C. for 10 h to recover organic matter and obtain rhodium-enriched matter. Iron is used as an alloy element, and the composition ratio of Rh and Fe is Rh: 92wt%, Fe: 8wt%. Coke is used as a reducing agent, and the addition amount is 60wt% of the rhodium enrichment. Calcium oxide is used as a slagging agent, and the addition amount is 25wt% of the rhodium enrichment. After mixing the above raw materials, put them in an induction furnace for smelting at 800°C for 6 hours. Rh-Fe alloy is obtained by slag separation. The Rh-Fe alloy is electrolyzed to obtain rhodium powder. The electrolysis conditions are: voltage -0.4V, electrolysis temperature 25°C, and electrolysis efficiency 98%. Rhodium powder is smelted in an electric arc furnace at 2000°C for 5 minutes to obtain rhodium ingots. After testing, the recovery rate of rhodium reached 98.5%.

Embodiment 2

[0040] The deactivated rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst was distilled at 120° C. for 9 hours to recover organic matter and obtain rhodium-enriched matter. Iron is used as an alloy element, and the composition ratio of Rh and Fe is Rh: 88wt%, Fe: 12wt%. Coke and coal are used as reducing agents, the coke addition is 40wt% of the rhodium enrichment, and the addition of coal is 10wt% of the rhodium enrichment. Calcium oxide and aluminum oxide are used as slagging agents, the addition of calcium oxide is 10wt% of the rhodium enrichment, and the addition of alumina is 5wt% of the rhodium enrichment. After mixing the above raw materials, place them in an induction furnace for smelting at 900°C for 5.5 hours. Rh-Fe alloy is obtained by slag separation. Rh-Fe alloy carries out acid hydrolysis to obtain rhodium powder, and acid hydrolysis condition is: c(H + ) is 1mol / L, and the acid hydrolysis temperature is 20°C. Rhodium powder is smelted in an electric arc furnace at 2050...

Embodiment 3

[0042] The deactivated rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst was distilled at 130° C. for 8 hours to recover organic matter and obtain rhodium-enriched matter. Iron is used as an alloy element, and the composition ratio of Rh and Fe is Rh: 84wt%, Fe: 16wt%. Coke, coal and graphite are used as reducing agent, and the addition of coke is 40wt% of the rhodium enrichment, the addition of coal is 10wt% of the rhodium enrichment, and the addition of graphite is 10wt% of the rhodium enrichment. Calcium fluoride is used as a slagging agent, and the addition of calcium fluoride is 25wt% of the rhodium enrichment. After mixing the above raw materials, place them in an induction furnace for smelting at 1000°C for 5.5 hours. Rh-Fe alloy is obtained by slag separation. The Rh-Fe alloy is electrolyzed to obtain rhodium powder. The electrolysis conditions are: voltage -0.3V, electrolysis temperature 40°C, and electrolysis efficiency 96%. Rhodium powder is smelted in an electric arc furn...

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Abstract

The invention mainly belongs to the technical field of rhodium recovery and particularly relates to a method for recovering rhodium from an inactive rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst. The methodcomprises the following steps that organic matter in the rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst is recovered in a distillation mode at first, and rhodium concentrate is obtained; then the rhodium concentrate is mixed with transitional metal M, a reduction agent and a slag former, rhodium is recovered in a smelting manner and forms a low-melting-point Rh-M alloy together with the transitional metal M, then the Rh-M alloy is subjected to electrolysis or acidolysis to obtain rhodium powder, finally the rhodium powder is smelted through an electric-arc furnace, and accordingly a rhodium ingot isobtained. The method is suitable for various inactive rhodium-containing homogeneous catalysts, the situation that the organic matter is directly incinerated to cause air pollution is avoided, meanwhile, the high-melting-point rhodium can be converted into the low-melting-point high-reactivity Rh-M alloy, and subsequent rhodium smelting and purification are facilitated. The method has the advantages of being high in rhodium recovery rate and production efficiency, free of pollution and suitable for industrial application.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention mainly belongs to the technical field of rhodium recovery, and in particular relates to a method for recovering rhodium from an inactivated rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst. Background technique [0002] Rhodium-containing homogeneous catalysts have the advantages of high catalytic activity, mild reaction conditions, and good selectivity, and are widely used in petrochemical, fine chemical, and biopharmaceutical fields. The rhodium homogeneous catalyst has various high-boiling point by-products during use, impurity poisoning in the catalytic reaction system, carrier structure changes, metal crystallite aggregation or loss, etc., resulting in reduced catalytic activity until it is scrapped. The deactivated rhodium-containing homogeneous catalyst is rich in rhodium and is a valuable secondary resource. [0003] Rhodium homogeneous catalysts have complex components and are difficult to recover. The problems that need to be overcome ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B11/00C22B7/00C25C1/20
CPCC22B11/026C22B11/048C25C1/20Y02A50/20Y02P10/20
Inventor 张深根郑环东刘波
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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