Application of als mutant protein and its gene in plant breeding based on gene editing technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice ALS mutant protein, a mutant gene and applications thereof. The amino acid sequence of the ALS mutant protein has the following mutation: it corresponds to the 628th amino acid mutation of the rice ALS amino acid sequence. The invention also discloses Breeding method using gene editing to create herbicide-resistant rice. The present invention utilizes CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing technology for the first time, to ALS Gene editing, through selection of offspring, at T 2 New materials that eliminate T-DNA and herbicide resistance can be obtained in one generation, and the basic agronomic traits of the new materials have no obvious change. Compared with breeding such as chemical mutagenesis and cross-breeding, gene editing directional improvement molecular breeding technology has the advantages of speed, precision, and high efficiency. Combined with gene function marker genotype selection, it will greatly improve the breeding efficiency and greatly speed up the breeding process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of crop genetic breeding and crop herbicide-resistant new resource innovation, and specifically relates to the application of ALS mutant protein and gene thereof based on gene editing technology in plant breeding. Background technique [0002] With the development of my country's new urbanization and modern agriculture, the light and simple cultivation of rice production is becoming more and more popular, and methods such as machine transplanting and live broadcast have become a development trend. However, weeds and weedy rice are easy to breed in direct-directed rice fields, which seriously affect rice growth, yield and rice quality. The cost of manual and mechanical weeding is extremely high, which restricts the development of rice production in the direction of high yield, high efficiency and low cost, and is not conducive to the development of modern agriculture. Spraying herbicides is an effective means to cont...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Researchers have used gene replacement technology to successfully realize the mutation of 548 amino acids from tryptophan to leucine and 627 amino acids from serine to isoleucine, but this method is based on the reported base mutations and cannot create new ones. Variation type of

[0012] At present, if scientific and technical personnel want to obtain new rice materials or new genes that are resistant to herbicides, they need to use chemical or radiation mutagenesis, etc., which requires a lot of work and the results are not ideal, and most of the obtained herbicide-resistant ALS proteins have been reported. Variation type of

[0013] However, using conventional chemical mutagenesis and conventional transgenic breeding, the breeding period should be at least 4-6 years. At present, there is no relevant report on the use of gene editing technology to conduct site-directed mutation of the ALS gene of rice varieties to create new herbicide-resistant new alleles. genetic research

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