Preparation method and using method for polyamino/amidoxim-modified multifunctional ion exchange fibers

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method and a using method for polyamino / amidoxim-modified multifunctional ion exchange fibers. Polyacrylonitrile fibers used as a base material are sequentially grafted with a polyamino group and an amidoxim group through a hydrothermal process to prepare the polyamino / amidoxim-modified multifunctional ion exchange fibers. The chelation property of effective functional groups and metal ions is used to treat conventional metal element, nonmetal element or radioactive element wastewater. The preparation method and the using method are simple, the graft ratioof functional groups is high, and the prepared multifunctional ion exchange fibers have the advantages of stable performances, good hydrophilicity, high radiation resistance and high adsorption capacity. The problems of swelling-shrinkage and cracking of resin, silica gel and other traditional materials in different pH environments are avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to waste water treatment, in particular to the preparation and use of multifunctional ion exchange fibers. Background technique [0002] With the development of the economy, the demand for natural resources is increasing. The full collection and reuse of resources is an effective way to alleviate resource tension. Among them, as non-renewable resources, various metals generally have less reserves or more difficult smelting and processing. In addition, during the collection, extraction, and smelting of metal minerals, the operation of nuclear reactors, and the decommissioning of nuclear facilities, a large amount of natural resources are consumed, and the waste water generated poses a serious hazard to human health and the natural ecological environment. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable development, reduce environmental pollution, resource consumption, and resource recycling, it is of great strategic significance to stu...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The above methods mainly used to treat wastewater have some disadvantages: ①Chemical precipitation method: the removal effect of some of the lower concentration uranium-containing wastewater is poor, and the generated sediment must be properly disposed of to avoid secondary pollution; ②Ion exchange method: It is greatly affected by cost, type of exchanger and output, and the regeneration and disposal of ion exchanger is also difficult; ③Membrane separation technology: high investment cost, easy to scale, usually requires pretreatment of influent, Therefore, membrane separation technology needs to be combined with other treatment methods; ④ Adsorption method: limited adsorption capacity

Literature (Wu Hang, Xin Haobo, Yang Feng, Yang Jinfeng, Lu Dan. Research on the adsorption and desorption performance of chelate fiber to uranium in seawater[J]. Synthetic Fiber Industry, 2008,31(6):7~9.) The performance of acrylonitrile amidoxime chelate fibers to adsorb uranium ions in seawater was analyzed in detail, and it was found that the adsorption material can only be reused 3 times, and after 3 uses, the material will be severely damaged and cannot be used

Generally speaking, the amidoxime-based chelating fiber materials prepared by these two methods have poor stability, are prone to fracture and fragmentation during repeated use and regeneration, and have short service life and other problems.

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