A hafnium-tantalum-silicon ternary composite ceramic precursor, carbon/hafnium-tantalum-carbon solid solution-silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a hafnium-tantalum-silicon ternary composite ceramic precursor, a carbon / hafnium-tantalum-carbon solid solution-silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. The hafnium-tantalum-silicon ternary composite ceramic precursor comprises a hafnium-tantalum coordination copolymer resin, polycarbosilane and a carbon source precursor in a molar ratio of 1:(0.25-4):(1.1-5). The preparation method of the ceramic precursor is as follows: mixing pentavalent tantalum salt, tetravalent hafnium salt and small molecular alcohol uniformly, then placing in ice bath condition and adding catalyst to carry out co-hydrolysis reaction, and then adding ligand to carry out polymerization reaction, The hafnium-tantalum coordination copolymer resin is obtained; the hafnium-tantalum coordination copolymer resin, polycarbosilane and carbon source precursor are mixed with an organic solvent, then stirred, left standing and filtered to prepare the ceramic precursor. The invention solves the problem of uniform dispersion of hafnium, tantalum and silicon, and the ceramic matrix composite material with good toughness, ultra-high temperature resistance, excellent oxidation resistance and excellent ablation resistance can be prepared by using the ceramic precursor.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular relates to a hafnium-tantalum-silicon ternary composite ceramic precursor, a carbon / hafnium-tantalum-carbon solid solution-silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Carbon fiber toughened silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites (C f / SiC composite material) is a high-performance thermal structural material. It overcomes the Achilles heel of brittleness of single-phase ceramic materials, and has excellent characteristics such as low density, high temperature resistance, high strength, oxidation resistance and ablation resistance. The rudder has been applied. However, long-term research has shown that traditional C f The long-term anti-oxidation service temperature of SiC composite materials does not exceed 1650 °C. When the Mach number of a hypersonic vehicle exceeds 6, its high-temperature ...

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Problems solved by technology

However, there have been no reports on composite materials such as carbon / silicon carbide modified by hafnium-tantalum-carbon solid solution. The reason is that based on the high melting point and good stability of hafnium-tantalum-carbon solid solution, it is difficult to uniformly dispersed in SiC

Although patents CN201611051813.9 and CN201611053755.3 prepared Hf x Ta 1-x C alloy, but the method is to use hafnium and tantalum alkoxide to make the alloy precursor and directly sinter the preparation, which does not involve the dispersion of hafnium-tantalum-carbon solid solution in the silicon carbide matrix, that is, it does not solve the problem of hafnium-tantalum-carbon solid solution in the silicon carbide matrix. Dispersion problem; in addition, the viscosity of the hafnium-tantalum alloy precursors prepared in these two patent applications is as high as 20,000-30,000mPa·s, which cannot be used to impregnate fiber preforms, so it is not suitable for composite materials such as modified carbon / silicon carbide

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