Magnesium alloy anode material, preparation method and application thereof and magnesium-air battery

An anode material, air battery technology, applied in battery electrodes, fuel cell-type half-cells and primary battery-type half-cells, circuits, etc., can solve the problem of high battery self-discharge rate, low voltage, and difficult development of high-performance magnesium anodes And other issues

Active Publication Date: 2019-10-25
易航时代(北京)科技有限公司
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Problems solved by technology

For example, the activity of magnesium is very high, the problem of hydrogen evolution in the electrolyte is serious, the self-discharge rate of the battery is high, and the energy loss is obvious; in addition, during the discharge process, a dense passivation film will be formed on the surface of the magnesium, and the polarization resistance changes. large, the voltage drops significantly
Moreover, the "activation" and "passivation" of magnesium and magnesium alloy anodes in the electrolyte are often contradictory, which brings great difficulties to the development of high-performance magnesium anodes.

Method used

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  • Magnesium alloy anode material, preparation method and application thereof and magnesium-air battery
  • Magnesium alloy anode material, preparation method and application thereof and magnesium-air battery

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preparation example Construction

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the magnesium alloy anode material described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Melting high-purity magnesium, high-purity aluminum and magnesium alloy covering agent to obtain molten material;

[0028] Melting the molten material, indium and erbium to obtain molten metal;

[0029] Casting the molten metal into an iron mold to obtain a casting product;

[0030] The casting product is naturally cooled to room temperature, then annealed, and then quenched and rapidly cooled to obtain the magnesium alloy anode material.

[0031] The invention melts high-purity magnesium, high-purity aluminum and a magnesium alloy covering agent to obtain molten materials. In the present invention, the melting temperature is preferably 720-760° C., and the melting time is preferably 35-35 minutes. In the present invention, the melting is preferably performed in an alumina crucible. In the p...

Embodiment 1

[0047] (1) Before smelting the alloy, use sandpaper and clean water to clean the oil stains and rust on the surface of the metal raw materials and dry them.

[0048] (2) In the process of smelting metal, first put high-purity magnesium and high-purity aluminum into an alumina crucible, and add magnesium alloy covering agent, the quality of magnesium alloy covering agent is 5% of the weight of high-purity magnesium and high-purity aluminum, magnesium alloy covering The chemical composition of the agent is 45% magnesium chloride, 30% potassium chloride, 10% sodium chloride, 1% calcium chloride, 1% calcium fluoride, 3% magnesium oxide and 10% carbonate foaming agent (CaCO 3 ). Place the crucible in a resistance furnace, heat it to 720°C, and keep it warm for about 25 minutes until it is completely melted.

[0049] (3) Add other alloying elements (indium and erbium) into the crucible, stir evenly with a graphite rod, put it in a furnace at 720°C for 8 minutes, and make it fully d...

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Abstract

The invention provides a magnesium alloy anode material, a preparation method and an application thereof and a magnesium-air battery, and belongs to the field of air batteries. In the invention, the metal magnesium is high in activity, and easy to hydrate in NaCl brine, namely, self-corrosion hydrogen evolution, and causes low utilization rate of the negative electrode and energy loss. However, more beta(Mg17Al12) will be generated after 30-40wt% of Al is added, and beta(Mg17Al12) is positive in electrode potential and great in chemical inertness and thus plays a role of preventing the corrosion. Meanwhile, the beta(Mg17Al12) cannot be too high in content, and the too high content of beta(Mg17Al12) will result in the corrosion of a magnesium alloy couple. The beta(Mg17Al12) has a functionof storing hydrogen; In has an overhigh hydrogen evolution point passing position, can inhibit hydrogen evolution, and can destroy a magnesium surface passivation film and activate the magnesium alloy; and Er is heavy rare earth and mainly used for generating a compound with Al and Mg in the magnesium-aluminum alloy, thereby playing an effect of refining crystal grains, reducing the crystal graininterface and inhibiting the corrosion.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air batteries, in particular to a magnesium alloy anode material, a preparation method and application thereof, and a magnesium-air battery. Background technique [0002] With the global energy crisis and environmental pollution becoming increasingly serious, countries all over the world are stepping up the development of new energy sources. Magnesium-air battery, as a kind of high specific energy green battery, has received extensive attention. [0003] Early anode magnesium alloys were mainly selected from industrial magnesium alloy grades, but their self-corrosion was serious, which affected the use efficiency, and would produce a dense passivation film on the surface of magnesium, blocking the reaction. With the increasing demand for battery performance, it is imperative to study high-performance magnesium anodes. In the 1960s, magnesium alloys were developed abroad as anodes for magnesium batteries...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/46H01M12/06
CPCH01M4/466H01M12/06Y02E60/10
Inventor 卢惠民
Owner 易航时代(北京)科技有限公司
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