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Lithium metal battery, negative electrode, electrolyte and preparation of negative electrode

A technology of lithium metal battery and electrolyte, applied in the field of electrolyte and negative electrode of lithium metal battery, can solve the problems of electrolyte performance loss, electrode corrosion, metal negative electrode consumption, etc., and achieve the effect of improving cycle performance and Coulomb efficiency

Active Publication Date: 2020-03-13
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The method used in this patent is to use carboxylate as the main solvent. This method not only protects the surface of the metal negative electrode, but also loses the performance of the electrolyte itself. The carboxylate electrolyte itself and the metal occur. There are many side reactions, and this kind of reaction is continuous, which leads to continuous consumption of the metal negative electrode. Such a modification method, to a certain extent, causes corrosion to the electrode

Method used

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  • Lithium metal battery, negative electrode, electrolyte and preparation of negative electrode
  • Lithium metal battery, negative electrode, electrolyte and preparation of negative electrode
  • Lithium metal battery, negative electrode, electrolyte and preparation of negative electrode

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0073] Copper foil with a diameter of 13mm is used as the deposition object (working electrode), and a metal lithium sheet is used as the counter electrode, and a diaphragm is used to separate the working electrode from the counter electrode; 2% fraction of insoluble copper nitride (insoluble particles) 1M LiTFSI / DOL:DME (volume ratio=1:1) containing 1%wt LiNO 3 It is the electrolyte; the electrolyte for soaking the counter electrode is 1 MLiTFSI / DOL:DME (volume ratio=1:1) containing 1%wt LiNO 3 For the electrolyte (the only difference is that 2% insoluble copper nitride is not added). The diaphragm is made of GF / D glass fiber, and a 2032 button lithium-ion battery (half battery) is assembled for charge and discharge cycle tests. The electrolyte (1MLiTFSI / DOL:DME (volume ratio = 1:1) containing 1%wt LiNO without adding insoluble particles 3 is the electrolyte) for comparison, the two batteries are at 1mA / cm 2 Charge and discharge current density and 1mAh / cm 2After continuo...

Embodiment 2

[0077] Copper foil with a diameter of 13mm is used as the deposition object (working electrode), and a metal lithium sheet is used as the counter electrode, and a diaphragm (GF / D glass fiber) is used to separate the working electrode from the counter electrode; Electrolyte) containing 2% zinc nitride and 3% copper nitride (insoluble particles) uniformly dispersed into 1M LiTFSI / DOL:DME (volume ratio = 1:1) containing 1%wt LiNO 3 for the electrolyte. The electrolyte solution for soaking the counter electrode is 1M LiTFSI / DOL:DME (volume ratio=1:1) containing 1%wt LiNO 3 For the electrolyte (the only difference is that no insoluble particles are added). With no insoluble particles added to the electrolyte as a comparison, a 2032 button lithium-ion battery was assembled, and the separator was made of GF / D glass fiber, and the charge-discharge cycle test was carried out. With the same electrolyte, without adding insoluble particles as a comparison, the two batteries are at 1mA / c...

Embodiment 3

[0079] The carbon paper with a diameter of 13mm is used as the deposition object (working electrode), and the metal lithium sheet is used as the counter electrode, and the working electrode and the counter electrode are separated by a diaphragm; the working electrode side of the diaphragm (the electrolyte soaking the working electrode) contains a mass fraction of 5% aluminum nitride 1M LiTFSI / DOL:DME (volume ratio = 1:1) containing 1%wt LiNO 3 for the electrolyte. The electrolyte solution for soaking the counter electrode is 1M LiTFSI / DOL:DME (volume ratio=1:1) containing 1%wt LiNO 3 As the electrolyte (the only difference is that no insoluble particles are added), compared with no addition in the electrolyte, a 2032 button lithium-ion battery is assembled, and the diaphragm is made of GF / D glass fiber, and the charge-discharge cycle test is carried out. Two batteries at 1mA / cm 2 Charge and discharge current density and 1mAh / cm 2 After continuous charge and discharge under ...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of lithium metal batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium metal battery electrolyte added with insoluble solid particles. The lithium metal battery electrolyte comprises a basic electrolyte and insoluble solid particles, the basic electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and a conductive lithium salt, the insoluble solid particles are nitrides and / or fluorides of M metal, and the M metal is at least one of Li or metal capable of being reduced and replaced by the Li metal. The invention also provides an application of the electrolyte, and a negative electrode and a lithium metal battery prepared from the electrolyte. According to the invention, different particles in the electrolyte are co-deposited on the metal lithium on a current collector, andgenerate the chemical reaction with the nano-particles to generate a stable SEI film and the corresponding lithium precipitation sites. According to the technical scheme, the growth of lithium dendrites can be effectively avoided, so that the charge-discharge coulombic efficiency of the metal lithium negative electrode is improved, and the cycle life is prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of new energy devices, and in particular relates to an electrolyte solution and a negative electrode of a lithium metal battery. Background technique [0002] With the increasing awareness of environmental crisis and energy crisis, the field of new energy has gradually become a hot spot in recent years, and battery materials have also attracted more and more attention. With its high theoretical specific capacity (3860mAh / g), the lowest electrode potential (-3.040V vs. SHE) and low density (0.53g / cm 3 ), is an ideal negative electrode material in lithium batteries. Metal lithium negative electrode is used in the secondary battery, and the battery capacity has achieved a great breakthrough, especially the currently more advanced Li-O 2 The battery and Li-S battery have an energy density of 2000Wh / kg. Although lithium metal has great advantages, it is difficult to promote commercially. [0003] The safety hazard caus...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/052H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/052H01M10/0525H01M10/0567H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 洪波赖延清董庆元覃昭铭范海林
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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