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Lithium metal anode and preparation and application thereof

A lithium metal anode and lithium metal battery technology, applied in battery electrodes, lithium batteries, electrical components, etc., can solve problems such as low Coulombic efficiency, short cycle life, and poor quality of SEI film

Active Publication Date: 2020-10-20
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Today, although lithium anodes are once again favored by researchers, the problems of low Coulombic efficiency and short cycle life caused by dendrite growth have not yet been resolved. Therefore, in order to realize the practical development of metal lithium anodes, it is necessary to first There is a clear understanding of the problems with lithium anodes
However, a single method cannot solve all the problems of lithium anodes, such as artificial SEI films, which can increase Coulombic efficiency and improve the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of SEI films, but lithium anodes still have volume effect problems, such as using three-dimensional lithium anodes , can greatly alleviate the volume effect of the lithium deposition / dissolution process, but the three-dimensional current collector also has the problem of poor SEI film quality. Due to the large specific surface area of ​​the three-dimensional current collector, the formation of a large amount of SEI film deteriorates the Coulomb of the battery. efficiency

Method used

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  • Lithium metal anode and preparation and application thereof
  • Lithium metal anode and preparation and application thereof
  • Lithium metal anode and preparation and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0062] The first stage of electrical treatment: In an argon atmosphere glove box, a porous carbon material (particle size 500nm, wall thickness 30nm, specific surface area 259cm 3 / g, porosity 78%) is the active material smear as current collector, with this current collector as working electrode, pole piece thickness is 100 μ m, lithium sheet is counter electrode, with 1M LiPF 6 in VEC / PC / EMC (volume ratio 1:1:1) with 5wt.% VC as electrolyte, at 25°C, at 1mA / cm 2 current density, 1mAh / cm 2 Cycle 30 laps under the same power;

[0063] The second stage of electrical treatment: remove the current collector of the first stage of electrical treatment as the working electrode, use the lithium sheet as the counter electrode, and use 1MLiTFSI in DME / DOL (volume ratio 1:1) with 10wt.% FEC as the electrolyte. At 45°C, at 2mA / cm 2 The current density is deposited for 5 hours, and the working electrode of the second stage of electrical treatment is removed, which is the metal lithium...

Embodiment 2

[0076] The main difference from Example 1 is that the current and power of the first stage of electrical treatment are too large, and the current and power of the second stage of electrical treatment are too small, which is not the most suitable process parameter.

[0077] The first stage of electrical treatment: In an argon atmosphere glove box, a porous carbon material (particle size 500nm, wall thickness 30nm, specific surface area 259cm 3 / g, porosity 78%) is the active material smear as current collector, with this current collector as working electrode, pole piece thickness is 100 μ m, lithium sheet is counter electrode, with 1M LiPF 6 in VEC / PC / EMC (volume ratio 1:1:1) with 10wt.% VC as electrolyte, at 25°C, at 5mA / cm 2 current density, 5mAh / cm 2 Cycle 30 laps under the same power;

[0078] The second stage of electrical treatment: remove the current collector of the first stage of electrical treatment as the working electrode, use the lithium sheet as the counter el...

Embodiment 3

[0084] The first stage of electrical treatment: In an argon atmosphere glove box, copper foil (thickness 10 μm) was used as the working electrode, the thickness of the pole piece was 20 μm, the lithium sheet was used as the counter electrode, and 1M LiBF 4 in EC / DE / EMC (volume ratio 1:1:1) with 0.01, 1, 2, 5, 8, 10wt.% tetrachlorethylene (different additions) as electrolyte, at 25°C, at 1mA / cm 2 current density, 1mAh / cm 2 Cycle 30 laps under the same power;

[0085] The second stage of electrical treatment: the current collector removed from the first stage of electrical treatment is used as the working electrode, the lithium sheet is used as the counter electrode, and 1MLiFSI in THF / DOL (volume ratio 1:1) with 10wt.% catechol carbonate is Electrolyte, at 25°C, at 0.5mA / cm 2 The current density was deposited for 5 hours, and the working electrode was removed to form a metal lithium anode.

[0086] Battery assembly and testing: use ternary (NCM811) as the cathode (the amoun...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of lithium metal batteries, and particularly discloses a lithium metal anode preparation method, which comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out first-stageelectric treatment: adopting a current collector as a working electrode and metal lithium as a counter electrode, and circulating for 1-100 circles in an electrolyte A at a current density of 0.01-10mA / cm<2>, wherein the electrolyte A comprises a basic electrolyte and an additive A, (2) second-stage electric treatment: continuously taking the current collector treated in the step (1) as a workingelectrode, taking metal lithium as a counter electrode, and carrying out second-stage electric treatment in an electrolyte B at the current density of 0.01-20 mA / cm<2>, so that the treated working electrode is the lithium metal anode, and the electrolyte B comprises a basic electrolyte and an additive B. The metal lithium anode with excellent electrochemical stability, high capacity and high cycling stability can be prepared through the cooperative control of the two stages of electric treatment, the additive in the treatment process, the current density and other conditions.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium metal batteries, in particular to the preparation of metal lithium anodes of lithium metal batteries. Background technique [0002] Lithium secondary batteries are mainly lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries. The anode material of lithium-ion battery is mainly carbon material, and its charge and discharge process mainly produces Li + Intercalation and deintercalation in carbon material structures. However, the anode of a metal lithium battery is usually a single substance of metal lithium, and the mechanism of action in the battery is the deposition and dissolution of metal lithium, and its charge and discharge mechanism is: charging: Li + +e=Li; discharge: Li-e=Li + . Lithium metal batteries and lithium-ion batteries have different material requirements and different charging and discharging mechanisms. Although they are similar on the surface, they are actually completely differ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/1395H01M4/134H01M10/0567H01M10/052
CPCH01M4/1395H01M4/134H01M10/0567H01M10/052H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 洪波赖延清高春晖董庆元张凯张治安
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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