Positive electrode composite material for lithium primary battery and preparation method thereof
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A lithium primary battery and composite material technology, applied in the direction of battery electrodes, lithium batteries, positive electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of heat generation and high rate performance, and achieve complex structure, uniform appearance, and large industrialization potential Effect
Pending Publication Date: 2022-01-07
DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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[0007] Aiming at the problems that the energy density and high-rate performance of lithium primary batteries cannot be combined, and the heat generation is serious when used in high-rate conditions, the present invention composites non-lithium-containing positive electrode materials, and the active materials in the composite materials undergo multiple electron transfer reactions Carry out energy conversion, so as to realize the characteristics of high energy density of the battery. In addition, there is a difference in the voltage platform of the active material, so as to realize the cascade discharge of the positive electrode active material. The discharge performance of the material plays a great role, which is conducive to improving the overall performance of the battery
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Embodiment 1
[0033] 1. Dissolve bismuth alcohol salt in isopropanol solvent to prepare 0.5mol / L bismuth alkoxide solution;
[0034]2. Using HF as the carrier gas, atomize and spray the above bismuth alkoxide solution into the spray pyrolysis furnace at 800°C. Among them, the flow rate of HF is controlled at about 50ml / s, and the bismuth alkoxide solution is controlled at about 20ml / s, and the prepared porous fluoride spherical particles with uniform appearance are ready for use;
[0035] 3. Mix the porous fluoride prepared in step 2 with elemental sulfur at a mass ratio of 1:4, put it into a closed steel container, and then place it in a sintering furnace with an argon atmosphere, and treat it at 150°C for 6h, and naturally After cooling, the product is taken out to obtain BiF 3 @CF x @S Spherical cathode composite.
Embodiment 2
[0037] 1. BiF 3 @CF x @S The positive electrode composite material, Ketjen black, and binder PVDF are mixed in a ratio of 8:1:1, and the slurry is prepared in NMP solvent; 2. Use a scraper to scrape the positive electrode slurry on the aluminum foil, and put it in a drum at 80°C Dry in an air oven for later use.
[0038] 3. Cut the dried positive electrode into The disc, and assemble the button battery with the lithium sheet to evaluate the material performance;
[0039] 4. The button half-cell is discharged at a rate of 0.05C, and the gram capacity of the positive electrode composite material reaches 1208mAh / g.
Embodiment 3
[0041] 1. Dissolve isopropanol copper salt in isopropanol solvent to prepare 0.5mol / L copper alkoxide solution;
[0042] 2. With HF as the carrier gas, atomize and spray the above copper alkoxide solution into the spray pyrolysis furnace at 800°C. Among them, the flow rate of HF is controlled at about 50ml / s, and the copper alcohol solution is controlled at about 20ml / s, and the prepared porous fluoride spherical particles with uniform appearance are ready for use;
[0043] 3. Mix the porous fluoride prepared in step 2 with elemental sulfur at a mass ratio of 1:4, put it into a closed steel container, and then place it in a sintering furnace with an argon atmosphere, and treat it at 150°C for 6h, and naturally After cooling, the product is taken out to obtain CuF 2 @CF x @S Spherical cathode composite.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a positive electrode composite material for a lithium primary battery and a preparation method thereof. Aiming at the problems that the energy density and the high-rate performance of the lithium primary battery cannot be simultaneously realized, and the heat production is serious when the lithium primary battery is used under a high-rate working condition, a multi-layer composite structure of a non-lithium-containing positive electrode material is designed and developed, and the high specific energy of the lithium primary battery is realized through the multi-electron transfer reaction of active substances in the structure; and meanwhile, an electrode active material is used for coordinating and continuing a discharging strategy, so that the self-discharging weakness of the composite positive electrode is compensated, the discharging rate performance is improved, and the discharging of a synergistic interaction mechanism is realized. The lithium primary battery positive electrode composite material is prepared from fluoride and an oxygen group element material simple substance or compound through spray heat treatment, and the fluoride is composed of porous hollow spherical particles formed by fluorinated metal coated with carbon fluoride. According to the prepared composite positive electrode material, the specific discharge energy and specific power of a lithium primary battery are remarkably improved, and the specific discharge energy of the prepared lithium primary battery at the 20-hour rate is greater than 800 Wh/kg.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of lithium batteries, and in particular relates to a positive electrode composite material for lithium primary batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The reaction mechanism of traditional lithium-ion secondary batteries is the deintercalation and intercalation reaction of lithium ions. The metal oxidation state of the positive electrode active material is not fully utilized, resulting in a low gram capacity, so the energy density of the battery system is low. Using multi-valence elements to construct a multi-electron reaction system to obtain higher energy density is a feasible way to increase the energy density of lithium batteries. The lithium primary battery uses metallic lithium as the negative electrode and non-lithium-containing materials as the positive electrode. The reaction mechanism of most materials is a phase inversion reaction mechanism different from the intercalation ...
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