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Laser welding method for aluminum alloy/nickel-based alloy or nickel dissimilar material

A technology of nickel-based alloys and dissimilar materials, used in laser welding equipment, welding equipment, metal processing equipment, etc., can solve the problems of easy formation of pores and solidification cracks, low surface tension of liquid metal, and changes in the chemical composition of welds. The microstructure is refined and dense, the effective connection bearing area is large, and the effect of delaying the nucleation and growth of brittle and hard precipitates

Pending Publication Date: 2022-05-17
ANYANG INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the case of small hole penetration welding, the temperature of the molten pool is too high, the surface tension of the liquid metal is small, the viscosity is low, the molten pool partially collapses, and the liquid is lost from the back of the weld, which affects the formation of the weld
The small hole molten pool is unstable, and it is easy to form defects such as pores and solidification cracks
In addition, β(Al 3 Mg 2 ) strengthened phase burning loss, changes in chemical composition of welds, softening of joints seriously reduce performance

Method used

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  • Laser welding method for aluminum alloy/nickel-based alloy or nickel dissimilar material
  • Laser welding method for aluminum alloy/nickel-based alloy or nickel dissimilar material
  • Laser welding method for aluminum alloy/nickel-based alloy or nickel dissimilar material

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028]The method of the invention is used to weld aluminum alloy / nickel-based alloy dissimilar materials, improve weld plasticity from three angles of welding structure, welding process and welding metallurgy, relieve interface internal stress, improve weld surface shape, and improve welding quality. The aluminum alloy material is 5083H116 aluminum alloy, and the nickel-based alloy material is Inconel 718 non-directionally solidified nickel-based superalloy. The chemical composition (mass percentage) of Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy plate is Ni≤52.38%, Cr≤19.3%, Nb+Ta≤5.07%, Mo≤3.12%, Ti≤1.02%, Al≤0.5%, Si≤0.04%, Mn≤0.02%, Cu≤0.02%, C≤0.02%, Fe balance. 5083H116 aluminum alloy plate chemical composition (mass percentage) Mg 4.4%, Mn 0.48%, Fe0.34%, Si 0.138%, Cr 0.065%, Cu 0.037%, Ti 0.029%, Zn 0.012%, Al balance. Inconel718 nickel base alloy sheet thickness is 1mm, width is 5mm, and length is 300mm. The step type 5083H116 aluminum alloy plate is 5mm thick, the bottom side ...

Embodiment 2

[0034] The welding method of this embodiment is different from that of Embodiment 1 in that the offset distance of the laser beam is 0.7 mm, and the other methods are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and the welding of dissimilar materials is completed according to the standard process. There are no obvious defects on the surface of the weld, and there are no pores and cracks inside. In the tensile test, the joint breaks in the upper aluminum alloy weld, and the tensile strength of the joint reaches 67MPa.

Embodiment 3

[0036] The welding method of this embodiment differs from that of Embodiment 1 in that the laser power is 2.2 kW, and the welding speed is 0.4 m / min. The other methods are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and the welding of dissimilar materials is completed according to the standard process. There are no obvious defects on the surface of the weld, and there are no pores and cracks inside. In the tensile test, the joint breaks in the upper aluminum alloy weld, and the tensile strength of the joint reaches 69MPa.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a laser welding method for aluminum alloy / nickel-based alloy or nickel dissimilar materials, and belongs to the technical field of welding. By utilizing a nonlinear energy dissipation composite structure and optimizing process parameters such as laser beam offset, defocusing amount, laser power and welding speed, the interface structure and structure evolution, molten pool metallurgical reaction and phase change process of the aluminum alloy / nickel-based alloy dissimilar material are adjusted through phase change thermodynamics, diffusion dynamics and fluid mechanics; and the geometric dimension, dilution rate and interface concentration gradient of the asymmetric molten pool are controlled, and the harmful non-equilibrium Ni-Al complex phase reaction chromatography phase is limited. And the effective interface connection area is increased, the alpha-Al aluminum-based solid solution and the gamma-Ni nickel-based solid solution with good plasticity are formed, plastic deformation is coordinated, the interface internal stress is relieved, and the welding seam residual stress is reduced. The fine grain strengthening effect of molten pool microalloying on a weld joint and the embrittlement effect caused by a brittle-hard intermetallic compound precipitated phase are mutually counteracted, the crack resistance is improved, the problem of brittle fracture after aluminum alloy / nickel-based alloy welding is solved, and the aluminum alloy / nickel-based alloy composite material is used for aerospace and ship construction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular relates to a laser welding method for a transition joint of an aluminum alloy / nickel-based alloy or nickel dissimilar material composite plate structure, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding. Background technique [0002] The use of nickel-based superalloys and aluminum alloys has a wide range of intersections. How to connect them to improve the crack resistance and structural stability of the weld, improve the microstructure and mechanical properties, has become the biggest technology that restricts the application of two-metal composite structures in engineering bottleneck. The differences in physical, chemical, metallurgical and mechanical properties between dissimilar materials lead to poorer weldability than those of the same material, and the welding process is complicated. In the application of aluminum alloys partially replacing nickel-based alloys,...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B23K26/06B23K26/12B23K26/323B23K26/70B23K26/00
CPCB23K26/323B23K26/123B23K26/06B23K26/702B23K26/0006
Inventor 高志国
Owner ANYANG INST OF TECH
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