Functionalized long-chain hydrocarbon mono- and di-carboxylic acids and their use for the prevention or treatment of disease

a technology of hydrocarbon mono and dicarboxylic acid and functionalized long chain hydrocarbon, which is applied in the direction of drug composition, organic chemistry, metabolic disorder, etc., can solve the problems of high dose statin therapy that is often not well tolerated, limited treatment options for type iib hyperlipidemia, etc., and achieves the effect of reducing fat or cholesterol conten

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-22
ESPERVITA THERAPEUTICS INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0019]The present invention further provides methods for reducing a subject's risk of developing or having atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, or restenosis, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of the invention.
[0023]The present invention further provides methods for reducing the fat or cholesterol content of livestock meat or poultry eggs, comprising administering to the livestock or poultry an effective amount of a compound of the invention.

Problems solved by technology

Current treatment options for treatment of type IIb hyperlipidemia are limited.
While statins can be effective for lowering LDL-C and reducing inflammation, they are generally not very effective for lowering triglyceride concentrations.
Further, high dose statin therapy is often not well tolerated because it can cause muscle pain (myalgia) and increase a patient's risk of serious muscle toxicity, such as rhabdomyolysis.
Also, commonly used triglyceride-lowering agents that are administered in combination with statins are often not well-tolerated.
When administered with statins, fibrates are known to have drug-drug interactions, resulting in increased statin blood drug levels, myalgia, an increased risk of muscle toxicity and an increased safety risk.
Indeed, the interaction of the statin Baychol (cerivastatin) with the fibrate gemfibrozil resulted in severe muscle toxicity and deaths and raised safety concerns that resulted in the removal of Baychol from the U.S. market.
Fish oil, which has been used to lower triglyceride levels, needs to be taken multiple times daily and can cause a fish oil aftertaste, burping or regurgitation.
These lesions pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and treatments post-exeresis are still challenging.

Method used

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  • Functionalized long-chain hydrocarbon mono- and di-carboxylic acids and their use for the prevention or treatment of disease
  • Functionalized long-chain hydrocarbon mono- and di-carboxylic acids and their use for the prevention or treatment of disease
  • Functionalized long-chain hydrocarbon mono- and di-carboxylic acids and their use for the prevention or treatment of disease

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

synthesis examples

Example 1

Synthesis of (9-Carboxymethylsulfanyl-5-oxo-nonylsulfanyl)-acetic acid (Compound II-3)

[0526]

[0527]Reaction of ethyl 5-bromovalerate with lithium diisopropylamide in THF at room temperature produces ketone ester 1-1 (see, e.g., Cooke, M. P. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 2910-2912; Stetter, H.; Rauhut, H. Chem. Ber. 1958, 91). Decarboxylation of 1-1 by refluxing in HCl / EtOH (Cooke, M. P. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 2910-2912) produces crude 1-2, which can be purified by column chromatography using systems such as silica gel and mixtures of ethyl acetate / hexanes in ratios from 1 / 20 to 1 / 8. Mercaptoacetic acid dissolved in mixtures of ethanol and water is treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide in water to make sodium mercaptoacetate and is used to treat 1-2 in solvents such as ethanol as described in Agnus, A., Louis, Gissebrecht, J. P., Weiss, R., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 93 or Riesen, P. C.; Kaden, T. A. Helv. Chim. Acta. 1995, 78, 1325-1333, to provide crude compound II-3. T...

example 2

Synthesis of (9-Carboxymethylsulfanyl-5-hydroxy-nonylsulfanyl)-acetic acid (Compound II-1)

[0528]

[0529]The reduction of ketodiacid compound II-3 from Example 1 is achieved with sodium borohydride after salt formation with NaOH to yield compound II-1 (see U.S. Pat. No. 7,119,221 for suitable reaction conditions). Compound II-3 (Example 1) is dissolved in NaOH solution (2 to 7 equiv) to form an intermediate disodium salt in water. Isopropanol is then added followed by addition of sodium borohydride (1.05 equiv) in portions. The reaction mixture is heated at about 45° C. for a few hours to yield compound II-1. Such product can be purified by recrystallization from MTBE, heptane or mixtures.

example 3

Synthesis of [5-(5-Carboxymethoxy-pentyloxy)-pentyloxy]-acetic acid (Compound II-12)

[0530]

[0531]Compound II-12 is prepared via a Williamson ether synthesis starting from 3-1 and 3-2 (prepared as described in Dasseux et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,459,003). The resulting 3-3 is deprotected in methanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulphonic acid monohydrate to give diol 3-4. This diol is then coupled with tert-butyl bromoacetate in a two-phase system of aqueous NaOH and toluene in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bromide as PTC catalyst, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 10,227,285. Finally, this tert-butyl ester is cleaved under acidic conditions to afford compound II-12.

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Abstract

This invention provides compounds of Formulae (IA), (IB), (IC), (ID), (IE), (IF), (IG), (IH), (IJ), (IK), (IL), (II), (III), (IIIA), and (IIIB); pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof; and compositions thereof. This invention further provides methods for treating a disease, including but not limited to, liver disease or an abnormal liver condition; cancer (such as hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma); a malignant or benign tumor of the lung, liver, gall bladder, bile duct or digestive tract; an intra- or extra-hepatic bile duct disease; a disorder of lipoprotein; a lipid-and-metabolic disorder; cirrhosis; fibrosis; a disorder of glucose metabolism; a cardiovascular or related vascular disorder; a disease resulting from steatosis, fibrosis, or cirrhosis; a disease associated with increased inflammation (such as hepatic inflammation or pulmonary inflammation); hepatocyte ballooning; a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder; an ATP citrate lyase disorder; an acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase disorder; obesity; pancreatitis; or renal disease.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 16 / 937,154, filed Jul. 23, 2020, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 878,852, filed Jul. 26, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 901,739, filed Sep. 17, 2019, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention provides compounds of Formulae (IA), (IB), (IC), (ID), (IE), (IF), (IG), (IH), (IJ), (IK), (IL), (II), (III), (IIIA), and (IIIB), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, and compositions thereof. This invention further provides methods for preventing or treating a disease, including but not limited to, liver disease or an abnormal liver condition; cancer (such as hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma); a malignant or benign tumor of the lung, liver, gall bladder, bile duct or digestive tract; an intra- or extra-hepatic bile duct dise...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C07C57/13
CPCC07C57/13A61K45/06C07C57/34C07C61/39C07C2601/02C07C55/02A61K31/194A61P35/00A61P3/10A61P3/06A61P1/00A61P29/00
Inventor ONICIU, DANIELA CARMEN
Owner ESPERVITA THERAPEUTICS INC
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