9results about How to "Avoid concentration polarization" patented technology

The present invention belongs to the technical field of alkali metal ion batteries, and discloses a negative electrode of a lithium / sodium ion battery with a dual gradient structure and a preparation method thereof. The dual gradient negative electrode is a double gradient sandwich structure constructed by a current collector modified with a strong lithium / sodium-philic conductive layer at the bottom of the negative electrode, an active layer in the middle of the negative electrode, and a lithium / sodium-phobic insulating passivation layer at the top of the negative electrode, wherein the bottom of the negative electrode is lithium / sodium-philic and conductive, the middle negative electrode active layer has moderate lithium / sodium-philicity and conductivity, and the top is lithium / sodium-phobic and insulating. By introducing a conductive and lithium / sodium-philic component at the bottom of the negative electrode with a low lithium / sodium nucleation barrier, after the negative electrode active layer accommodates lithium / sodium, it can induce excess lithium / sodium ions to nucleate and grow from the bottom of the negative electrode, avoid lithium / sodium precipitation on the surface of the negative electrode, effectively utilize the lower layer space of the negative electrode, realize dual-phase lithium / sodium storage, and greatly improve the specific capacity and cycle life of the negative electrode. At the same time, the insulating lithium-repellent passivation layer on the negative electrode surface is not only thin, but also well preserves the original pore structure of the negative electrode active layer, and has little effect on the wettability of the electrolyte and the diffusion process of lithium / sodium ions. Moreover, the insulating lithium-repellent property effectively hinders the reduction growth of lithium / sodium on the electrode surface. The synergistic effect of the dual-gradient structure not only greatly improves the specific capacity of the negative electrode through the dual-phase lithium / sodium storage characteristics, but also prevents the occurrence of lithium / sodium precipitation on the surface, significantly improving the cycle performance of the battery.

This invention provides a multifunctional bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, belonging to the technical field of electrodialysis separation equipment. The multifunctional bipolar membrane electrodialysis device includes a working chamber, a stacked membrane assembly, a brine storage tank, an acid storage tank, an alkali storage tank, an electrode liquid storage tank, and four peristaltic pumps. The four peristaltic pumps are fixed inside the working chamber, and the stacked membrane assembly is fixed at the front end of the working chamber. The left electrode chamber frame plate, acid chamber frame plate, brine chamber frame plate, alkali chamber frame plate, and right electrode chamber frame plate are all square flat plates with flow channels formed between the inlet and outlet channels. The flow channels contain horizontally staggered guide plates, each with a row of serrations on its lower surface. The horizontally staggered guide plates combined with the serrated flow disturbance structure in the flow channels force solution agitation and diffusion, prolonging the flow time of the solution within the flow channels, covering the entire membrane surface, eliminating dead zones and short-circuit flow, and significantly improving ion migration efficiency and current efficiency.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a support device for an electrodeposited electrode. The electrode is tubular, and the support device includes: a plurality of support tubes, the support tubes are elastic, and the support tubes are configured to be able to contract radially inward to extend into the electrode, and support the electrode in the electrode by relying on a radially outward restoring force; a connector, a plurality of support tubes are fixedly connected to the connector, and the connector is used to connect to an external power source to power the electrode; a rotating assembly, which is connected to the connector, and the rotating assembly is used to drive the connector to rotate. The support device for an electrodeposited electrode provided by an embodiment of the present invention drives the connector to rotate through the rotating assembly, thereby driving the electrode on the connector to rotate, and when electrodepositing is performed, the cathode is located in the electrodeposited liquid, and the rotation of multiple cathodes can increase the disturbance of the electrodeposited liquid, making the concentration distribution in the electrodeposited liquid more uniform, thereby preventing the occurrence of concentration polarization.

The utility model relates to a novel gas diffusion electrode reactor with a hollow chamber. The novel gas diffusion electrode reactor structurally comprises an anode tank, a cathode tank and an aeration stirring device, the anode tank is of a square box body structure with an opening in the upper part, and iron particle layers are respectively arranged on four inner surfaces of the anode tank; the cathode tank is located in an inner cavity of the anode tank, a gas diffusion electrode is arranged on the cathode tank, and the outer surface of the gas diffusion electrode is coated with a catalyst; the iron particle layer and the gas diffusion electrode are connected with positive and negative electrodes of a power supply through circuits; and the aeration stirring device is positioned below the cathode tank. The gas diffusion electrode of the reactor performs electro-Fenton reaction, pure oxygen exposure is not needed, and oxygen in air can be directly utilized to efficiently synthesize H2O2; the cathode and the anode are controlled by the cathode and anode conversion assembly to generate oxidation-reduction reaction, so that the problem of high sludge yield can be effectively solved; by arranging the scattered point type aeration device and utilizing the upward floating motion of bubbles, the energy consumption is reduced, the dissolved oxygen content is increased, and the reaction efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to an SOEC-based biomass pyrolysis steam integrated coupling online upgrading system and process, the system comprises a steam generator, a solid oxide electrolytic tank SOEC, an electrochemical workstation and a rapid pyrolysis furnace, the SOEC is of a sandwich structure and sequentially comprises an air electrode, an electrolyte and a fuel electrode from top to bottom, the SOEC is fixed in the heating furnace through a hollow reaction pipe, an air inlet pipe a is arranged above an air electrode of the SOEC and is communicated with the steam generator, and a feeding pipe b is arranged below a fuel electrode of the SOEC and is communicated with the rapid pyrolyzing furnace and an air pump; the feeding pipe b is positioned in the hollow reaction pipe to form a double-layer reaction channel. Compared with the prior art, the oxygen content of the biomass pyrolytic oil can be remarkably reduced, and the heat value and stability of the bio-oil can be improved.

The invention discloses a novel PEM electrolytic cell with an enhanced diffusion type flow channel structure, which comprises an electrolytic chamber structure, the electrolytic chamber structure is sequentially composed of a cathode plate, a cathode diffusion layer, a membrane electrode, an anode diffusion layer and an anode plate and is fixed through fasteners, and the surfaces of the adjacent sides of the anode plate and the cathode plate are provided with protruding structures to form a flow channel group. According to the novel PEM electrolytic bath, the protruding structures are arranged on the inner sides of the anode plate and the cathode plate to form the flow channel set, so that an electrolyte forms a directional flow path in the flow channel, the electrolyte is effectively guided to be distributed to the whole catalytic area, and local drying or concentration polarization is avoided. The flow channel structure provides a clear escape channel for generated hydrogen (cathode) and oxygen (anode), the residence time of bubbles on the surface of the catalyst is shortened, and ohmic impedance and overpotential are reduced. And the functional layers are connected by adopting fasteners, so that the assembly, disassembly and maintenance are convenient, and the device is suitable for a large-scale stacked PEM electrolytic cell system.

The utility model provides a kind of filtering membrane structure of spherical graphite reverse osmosis device belongs to spherical graphite reverse osmosis device technical field, the filtering membrane structure of this spherical graphite reverse osmosis device includes: spherical shell, filter membrane component, support framework, water inlet pipeline, water outlet pipeline and sealing ring;The spherical shell is made of stainless steel material, the surface of spherical shell is equipped with water inlet and water outlet, water inlet is located in the upper hemispherical surface of spherical shell, and water outlet is located in the lower hemispherical surface of spherical shell;The filter membrane component is arranged inside spherical shell, and the filter membrane component includes graphite filter membrane and membrane fixed frame, the graphite filter membrane is spherical and concentrically arranged with the inner surface of spherical shell;It can solve the technical problems that the filtering membrane structure of spherical reverse osmosis device in the prior art has uneven stress on membrane material, insufficient support strength, unreasonable fluid distribution, low filtration efficiency and short membrane life.

This invention discloses a reverse osmosis pure water production method and equipment based on the synergistic purification of a two-stage membrane module, relating to the field of wastewater treatment technology. In the water quality monitoring stage after pretreatment, this invention performs preliminary feed water optimization on the desalination process of the reverse osmosis module based on acquired ion migration state data to reduce the scaling rate on the reverse osmosis membrane surface. Then, based on the salinity of the feed water at the inlet corresponding to the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane after the preliminary feed water optimization, pressure-flow rate synergistic control is implemented for the pressure fine desalination process of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane, while simultaneously adjusting the circulation flow rate. Finally, based on the conductivity at a designated location within the feed water buffer tank of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane, and combined with the feedback status of the permeate water quality from the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane, the feed water parameters of the reverse osmosis module are adjusted. This achieves refined, adaptive, and synergistic control of the reverse osmosis module, effectively solving the problem of desalination efficiency fluctuations caused by pressure difference changes in the application of two-stage membranes in existing technologies.

The utility model discloses a membrane separation and adsorption combined advanced treatment technology device aiming at electrophoresis wastewater, which comprises a working bottom plate, a water purification cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the working bottom plate, and a drainage pipe is arranged on one side of the water purification cylinder; one side of the precipitation assembly is fixedly connected with the top of the working bottom plate, and the precipitation assembly is used for precipitating large-particle impurities in the electrophoresis wastewater; the bottom of the purification assembly is fixedly connected with the two sides of the inner wall of the water purification cylinder, and the purification assembly is used for carrying out purification treatment on the precipitated electrophoresis wastewater. According to the membrane separation and adsorption combined advanced treatment technology device for electrophoresis wastewater, the purification assembly is arranged, two purification plates with different heights are adopted, identification and replacement are convenient, and a subsequent water pump is matched, so that the membrane separation and adsorption combined advanced treatment technology device is a low-energy-consumption process form for driving membrane filtration through liquid level difference.