Plasma medical refuse burning methods

Abstract

The invention relates to a plasma medical waste incineration method, comprising the steps that:(1) the inside temperature of an incinerator is heated to more than 1100 DEG C through plasmas, and the medical wastes are incinerated inside the incinerator; the oxygen content inside the incinerator is controlled to be less than 0.09 percent; and the burned residue is continuously heated till melted inside a melt chamber in the incinerator, and the molten slag flows into a slag separator and are cooled while the smokes generated by burning enter a secondary burning chamber;(2) the generated smokes are burned secondarily at 1150 to 1250 DEG C, and the external oxygen supplied for the secondary burning chamber is controlled so that the oxygen content inside the secondary burning chamber is controlled to be more than 10 percent;(3) the smokes produced by the secondary burning is reacted with the sprayed alkali liquor at an outlet of the secondary burning chamber, so that the part of CL, I and S elements inside the smokes can be fixed in a slat mode;(4) the processed smokes are cooled, so that the temperature of the smokes can be decreased to 155 to 180 DEG C; and the cooled smokes are dedusted to obtain waste gases; (5) the waste gases are sprayed with the alkali liquor and then are discharged after being neutralized and fully washed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for treating medical waste by adopting plasma technology. Background technique [0002] At the end of the 1980s, with the gradual application of low-temperature plasma technology in the field of national economy, a new process of using plasma incineration technology to treat garbage was realized. Plasma incineration technology can completely destroy various toxic and harmful substances. It is a new heat source with high temperature, high enthalpy, fast heat transfer and energy concentration that can be applied to industry. The plasma pyrolysis system utilizes the high-temperature plasma flame and powerful hot air flow to gasify, crack and reduce all organic matter in the furnace, and re-melt the unburned inorganic residue and fly ash. The volume of the product treated by this method is reduced, and the discharged particles are neutral and do not contain toxic substances. Can be used as high-strength building material...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

But their shortcomings are that the life of the plasma burner is short; the processing capacity is small, less than 250KG / H, which leads to a small scale and a low degree of automation, and the waste heat is inconvenient to use or the utilization rate is low; secondly, for toxic substances such as dioxins in The burning is not well controlled, but the focus is on disposing of it after generation, which is easy to cause waste or pollution

[0004] At present, my country mainly uses traditional gas and oil as fuel incineration methods to deal with medical waste in China. The temperature generated by this kind of combustion is not high (700 ℃), and the overall technological process is not perfect, so it is easy to produce dioxin, which is infectious. The virus cannot be completely eradicated

After burning, there are still more than one-third of combustibles in the garbage residues, resulting in increased landfill volume and environmental pollution.

[0005] Chinese patent 00128708.7, "Plasma incineration method and industrial device for organic halides" mainly introduces a treatment method for residual chemical reagents. The process is only a simple oxidation followed by a neutralization reaction, which cannot be used for medical waste. deal with

[0006] Boiler Technology, Volume 37, No. 1, 2006, "Using Thermal Plasma System to Treat Medical Waste" introduced a method of using plasma technology to treat medical waste. This method uses the high temperature generated by the plasma gun to pyrolyze the waste at high temperature. , the flue gas produced by the secondary combustion is directly cooled to 600°C through the heat exchanger at 1200°C. This process has particularly high requirements on the heat exchanger, which is difficult to realize in engineering, and the heat exchanger is used to cool down in this cooling area Low efficiency and long time are unfavorable for controlling the production of dioxins; in this paper, the flue gas temperature in the lye spray tower is as high as 600°C, which requires high manufacturing and anti-corrosion requirements for the lye spray tower, which is not conducive to engineering applications; In this paper, the flue gas after dust removal adopts the treatment method of activated coke adsorption, which has a large demand for activated coke, a large investment, is not easy to replace, and occupies a large area, which is not conducive to large-scale centralized treatment

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