Preparation method of nanoscale stannic oxide hollow sphere

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of nano materials and relates to a preparation method of a nanoscale stannic oxide hollow sphere. The method is characterized in that stannous salts and oxidants serve as reaction materials and a hydro-thermal method is used for preparation under the acidic condition at the PH value between 1.0 and 4.0; the stannous salts consist of at least one of stannous sulfate, stannous chloride and stannous oxalate; the oxidants consist of at least one of hydrogen peroxide, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite; and PH value of solutions is adjusted by one of sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid and sodium hydroxide. The preparation method does not use any sacrificial templates and organic solvents and is environmentally friendly, simple in process, mild in reaction condition, low in energy consumption, easy to control, high in product purity, and suitable for large-scale industrial production. The nanoscale stannic oxide hollow sphere can be applicable to gas sensors, lithium ion batteries, catalysts and photoelectronic devices.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of nano materials, and specifically relates to a method for preparing nano-level tin dioxide hollow spheres. Background technique [0002] Tin dioxide is an important n-type wide band gap semiconductor material with a band gap width of 3.6 eV. It has broad application prospects in the fields of gas sensors, lithium ion batteries, catalysts, and optoelectronic devices. Tin dioxide with nano-scale hollow sphere structure has the characteristics of low density, high specific surface area, good permeability, etc., which greatly improves the gas sensitivity, electrochemical activity and catalytic activity of tin dioxide, which has attracted widespread attention. . [0003] Tin dioxide with nano-scale hollow sphere structure can be prepared by sacrificial template method and template-free method. The sacrificial template method uses silica balls, polymer colloidal particles or micelles formed by surfactants as the starting templa...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The Chinese patent whose publication number is CN 101012067A uses natural polymer powder as a sacrificial template to prepare nanoscale tin dioxide hollow sphere materials, and the Chinese patent whose publication number is CN1789140A uses zinc oxide as a sacrificial template to prepare nanoscale tin dioxide hollow sphere materials. The disadvantages of the two methods: 1) The process of removing the sacrificial template can easily cause the collapse, rupture and unevenness of the nanosphere shell; 2) The preparation process is complicated, the cost is high, and industrial production is difficult

The Chinese patent whose publication number is CN101638247A adopts the hydrothermal method to treat the stannous sulfate aqueous solution to prepare nano-scale tin dioxide hollow spheres. The experiment finds that its shortcoming is that when the concentration of stannous sulfate exceeds a certain amount, the prepared stannous oxide will be and tin dioxide, it is difficult to obtain high-purity tin dioxide

The Chinese patent with the publication number CN102086044A adopts the reaction of tin salt and alkali to prepare nanoscale tin dioxide hollow spheres. The disadvantage is that an appropriate amount of ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol needs to be added to the precursor solution during the preparation process.