Chip structure for PCR (polymerase chain reaction) rapid reaction

Abstract

The invention relates to a chip structure for PCR (polymerase chain reaction) rapid reaction. The chip structure for PCR rapid reaction comprises a cover plate, a medium layer, a PCR chip and an external heating structure; through holes are machined on the cover plate; micro cavity holes are arranged on the PCR chip; the medium layer is covered on the PCR chip, and absorbs the cover plate in a negative pressure mode through the through holes on the cover plate; the lower bottom surface of the PCR chip are in tight contact with the external heating structure; the PCR chip can be a single-layer structure, and the micro cavity holes are directly machined; or the PCR chip can be a multi-layer structure, and micro cavity holes are machined on at least one layer, and are then combined with the other base material. PCR amplification is easy to achieve rapidly, and the biochemical reaction speed is improved obviously; the heat capacity of a micro environment of a chip is small, and temperature rising and reduction can be controlled at high speed, and the regional temperature can be detected and controlled accurately; the temperature cycle system volume is reduced, the heat capacity is reduced, and the reaction time is shortened greatly; the reaction liquid volume is reduced, the amplification specificity is intensified, and not only is cost saved, but also the efficiency is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a chip structure for rapid reaction of PCR, which belongs to the technical field of PCR. Background technique [0002] Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular biology technique used to amplify specific DNA fragments, which can be regarded as special DNA replication in vitro. The principle of PCR technology is similar to the natural replication process of DNA, and its specificity depends on oligonucleotide primers complementary to both ends of the target sequence. PCR consists of three basic reaction steps: denaturation-annealing-extension: ① Denaturation of template DNA: After the template DNA is heated to about 94°C for a certain period of time, the double-stranded DNA of the template or the double-stranded DNA formed by PCR amplification is dissociated, Make it a single strand so that it can be combined with the primer to prepare for the next round of reaction; ②Annealing (annealing) of the template DNA and the primer...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The static microchamber PCR chip significantly reduces the consumption of the mixed solution, but the temperature control system and structural design directly determine the heating and cooling speed, which still plays a decisive role in the temperature cycle and stability. There is still a gap in speed

Generally, heating and heat dissipation devices need to be integrated and processed on the chip, which increases the processing cost, and the reagent preparation and reagent extraction of the traditional static chamber PCR chip still require an external transfer process, which may lead to waste of reagents and transfer pollution. the emergence of

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