A preparing method of a catalyst used for preparing low-carbon olefins from synthetic gas and applications of the catalyst

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparing method of a catalyst used for preparing low-carbon olefins from synthetic gas and applications of the catalyst. Active components of the catalyst are Fe and Zr. Assistants of the catalyst are Zn and K. The catalyst comprises 20-80 wt% of the Fe, 20-80 wt% of the Zr, 5-20 wt% of the Zn, and 0.5-5 wt% of the K. The catalyst is prepared by a microwave hydrothermal method and a dipping method. Urea is adopted as a precipitator. An active component ferric salt is one selected from ferric nitrate and ferric oxalate. A zircon salt is one selected from zirconium oxychloride, zirconium nitrate and zirconium oxynitrate. An assistant zinc salt is selected from zinc nitrate and a potassium salt is selected from potassium carbonate. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst has characteristics of cheap and easily available raw materials, simple preparation process, short cycle, low energy consumption, good repeatability, low cost and suitability for industrial production. The CO conversion per pass is higher than 93%. The olefin-alkyl (O / P) ratio is higher than 4.80. The yield of C2-C4 olefins can reach 68.15-72.38 g / [m<3>(CO+H2)]. CH4, CO2 and C<5><+> can be maintained in a relatively low value. The reaction products are well distributed. The utilization rate of the synthetic gas is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of energy and chemical industry, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of a catalyst for preparing low-carbon olefins from syngas. Background technique [0002] Low-carbon olefins generally refer to olefins with carbon atoms less than or equal to 4, such as ethylene, propylene, and butene. Low-carbon olefins are important basic organic chemical raw materials for the production of polyethylene, polypropylene, Organic compounds such as acrylonitrile, ethylene oxide or ethylene glycol occupy a very important position in the national economy, and the demand is increasing day by day. At present, low-carbon olefins mainly come from the petrochemical route of cracking naphtha or light diesel oil. With the depletion of petroleum resources, oil prices are rising day by day, resulting in the continuous increase of production costs of low-carbon olefins, while coal, natural gas and biomass resources ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] The above catalytic systems have made good progress in the synthesis of low-carbon olefins and obtained high selectivity of low-carbon olefins, but the catalyst preparation methods are mostly chemical methods such as impregnation and coprecipitation, and the catalyst particle size distribution is wide. Long cycle, high cost, poor repeatability; relatively wide product distribution, low product added value; CO 2 、CH 4 The selectivity is high, which reduces the utilization rate of synthesis gas

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