High-adsorption nanofiber composite filter material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-adsorption nanofiber composite filter material which comprises a non-woven base material and a nanofiber membrane applied to the surface of the non-woven base material, wherein nanofibers forming the nanofiber membrane comprise continuous-phase thermoplastic polymers and disperse-phase active nanoparticles. A preparation process of the composite filter material comprises the steps of performing double-screw extruding and granulating on the active nanoparticles and the thermoplastic polymers according to a ratio to prepare a composite material; mixing the composite material with cellulose acetate butyrate according to a ratio, performing melt spinning, and performing solvent extraction to prepare thermoplastic nanofibers containing the active nanoparticles; finally, coating the surface of the non-woven base material with ethanol suspension of the thermoplastic nanofibers, and drying to obtain the high-adsorption nanofiber composite filter material. The preparation process is simple, the cost is low, the energy consumption is low, and the yield is high. The thermoplastic nanofibers containing the active nanoparticles are dense in tissue structure and controllable in diameter. The composite filter material has the characteristics of stable structural performance and excellent adsorption filtration performance.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-adsorption nanofiber composite filter material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of textile materials. technical background

[0002] Nanofiber is a kind of ultrafine fiber, which has the characteristics of large specific surface area, large aspect ratio and easy film formation. It is widely used in the fields of medicine, food, industry and household, especially as a filter material for air and water treatment.

[0003] The nanofiber membrane material has a very small pore size and can intercept extremely fine particles in air and water. The existing method mainly improves the filtration efficiency of nanofiber membranes for particulate matter by changing the process conditions to reduce the fiber diameter and increase the membrane thickness. However, this method will reduce the output rate of clean water and clean air. Improving the adsorption performance of the fiber membrane itself ca...