Method for preparing cyclic carbonate employing catalysis of carbon dioxide and epoxide with haloid

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing cyclic carbonate employing catalysis of carbon dioxide and epoxide with haloid, and belongs to the field of organic synthesis catalysis. According to the method, with haloid employing halogen serving as an anion as a catalyst, cycloaddition reaction employing carbon dioxide and epoxide as raw materials is catalyzed by adopting haloid which uses halogen serving as an anion as a catalyst. The catalyst is cheap and available; the production cost is reduced; the method is simple to operate in synthesis of the cyclic carbonate; the catalyst is cheap and available; the reaction condition is mild; the lowest initial reaction pressure can be as low as 0.25MPa; the catalyst is high in activity; the yield of ethylene carbonate is 99.5% under the optimal reaction condition; and with relatively environment-friendly alcohols as a solvent, the method conforms to the idea of green chemistry, and is an excellent system for preparing the cyclic carbonate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing cyclic carbonates by catalyzing carbon dioxide and epoxides with halide salts, which belongs to the field of organic synthesis catalysis. Background technique [0002] With the intensification of the "greenhouse effect", the effective use of inert carbon dioxide to achieve green chemical reactions has become a research hotspot in recent years (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 6142-6147; J. Am. Chem. Soc . 2013, 135, 11996-12003). [0003] Cyclic carbonates are a class of widely used chemicals and solvents with high boiling point and high polarity. They have been used in many fields such as organic synthesis intermediates, battery electrolytes, and metal extractants (Green Chem. ). [0004] CO 2 The reaction of cycloaddition with epoxide to prepare cyclic carbonate has 100% atom economy, which is a typical atom economy reaction and conforms to the development direction of green chemistry. Various methods f...

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Problems solved by technology

Various methods for CO have been reported in the prior art 2 The catalytic system for synthesizing cyclic carbonates with epoxides, in the patent application number 201110442303.5 applied by the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a double-quaternized ionic liquid grafted with silica gel as a catalyst; Chengdu Organic, Chinese Academy of Sciences In the patent application number 201110062979.1 applied by Chemical Co., Ltd., the metal molybdate is used as the catalyst, and the organic quaternary ammonium salt or alkali metal halide is used as the promoter; there are other metal oxides, metal complexes and organic and inorganic Hybrid catalysts, etc. (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 18497-18501; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 11996?2003), but these catalyst systems are relatively complex or expensive

[0005] Inexpensive and readily available halogen-anion salts have also been used to catalyze CO 2 Synthesis of cyclic carbonates with epoxides, but under solvent-free conditions it catalyzes CO 2 Poor reaction with epoxides to synthesize cyclic carbonates (Tetrahedron Lett., 2008, 49, 3588-3591)