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Method for preventing and controlling watermelon wilt and special microbial strains thereof

A watermelon fusarium wilt, prevention and control technology, applied in the field of crop disease prevention and control, can solve the problems of large amount of cotton ron and plastic film, difficult to completely eliminate pathogenic bacteria, unfavorable promotion and application, etc., achieves easy operation, continuous inhibition of pathogenic bacteria increase, The effect of reducing pollution

Active Publication Date: 2017-05-31
JIANGSU ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

It has been reported that the current method of using cotton wool for soil disinfection is to spread cotton wool evenly on the entire soil, and then cultivate, water, and cover the soil for a certain period of time to carry out soil disinfection. The dosage is relatively large, and the cost of disinfection is high, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion and application
[0004] Existing literature shows that although soil disinfection can significantly reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in the soil, due to the complexity of soil conditions, it is difficult for any soil disinfection method to completely eliminate pathogenic bacteria in the field state; Microbial vacuum period” (the number of fungi is very small) Immediately adding beneficial microorganisms that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and have a strong competitive advantage and good colonization ability in the soil and crop rhizosphere will continue to create unfavorable pathogenic bacteria in the soil and crop rhizosphere Survival environment to achieve the effect of continuous disease control
"Study on the Synergistic Control of Cucumber Fusarium Wilt with Polypodium rosea 67-1" (Tian Tian et al., Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2014) discloses a method of chemical fumigation combined with biocontrol agents to prevent and control cucumber wilt , it introduces biocontrol bacteria 67-1 to colonize during the microbial vacuum period after chemical disinfection, and achieves a good control effect on cucumber wilt. However, this method needs to fumigate all the soil uniformly, and the workload is large; The density is significantly different from that of cucumber. Therefore, based on the actual field planting method of watermelon, inventing a suitable soil disinfection method has great production guidance significance for the prevention and control of watermelon soil-borne wilt; Re-application of microbial agents to prevent and control soil-borne wilt of watermelon

Method used

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  • Method for preventing and controlling watermelon wilt and special microbial strains thereof
  • Method for preventing and controlling watermelon wilt and special microbial strains thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0032] Example 1 Inhibitory test of melon on mycelia growth of Fusarium wilt of watermelon

[0033] Watermelon Fusarium wilt was inoculated into a PDA plate, cultured at 28-30° C. for 5 days, and punched with a hole punch to obtain mycelial blocks with a diameter of 5 mm for use.

[0034] Inoculate a mycelium block with a diameter of 5 mm in the middle of the PDA plate medium, add 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1, 2, 6, and 10 mg / L of cotton wool to the center of the petri dish cover, and mix with sterile water The mass ratio was 1:1 and mixed quickly, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. At the same time, a control group (without adding cotton wool) was set up; then the half of the culture dish inoculated with the mycelium block was buckled upside down on the lid of the culture dish, and sealed with a parafilm. Incubate at a constant temperature of 28°C, and the results after 72 hours are as follows: figure 1 As shown, the colony diameter of the pathogenic bacteria was measured, and...

Embodiment 2

[0037] Embodiment 2 Trichoderma viridans Tv41 is to the growth inhibition test of watermelon Fusarium wilt

[0038] Test method: Inoculate the spores of Trichoderma viride Tv41 and Fusarium wilt of watermelon separately on a PDA plate, culture at a constant temperature at 30°C for 3 days, and obtain fresh mycelium pieces (5 mm in diameter) of each strain, and then inoculate Trichoderma viride and watermelon Fusarium wilt mycelium blocks were inoculated into the same PDA plate (each plate was inoculated with 1 Trichoderma viride mycelium block and 1 watermelon Fusarium wilt mycelium block), with a distance of 5 cm between the two mycelial blocks, placed at 30 °C Cultivate and observe in an incubator, such as figure 2 Shown, wherein, A is the watermelon wilt fungus inoculated separately; B is the growth of watermelon wilt fungus when Trichoderma viride Tv41 and watermelon wilt fungus are inoculated at the same time, the upper part of the B petri dish is the watermelon wilt fung...

Embodiment 3

[0039] Example 3 Preparation of Trichoderma viride Tv41 solid bacterial agent

[0040] a) Activation of strains

[0041] The activation method of bacterial classification preserved on a test tube slope:

[0042] PDA slant medium: put 5ml of PDA medium into the test tube, autoclave at 121°C for 15 minutes, and then set the slope, the height of the slope should not exceed 1 / 3 of the height of the test tube;

[0043] Trichoderma viride Tv41 spores were inoculated into the above-mentioned PDA slant medium for activation, cultured in an environment of 28±2°C for 3-5 days to form a mycelial block, and a 5mm mycelial block was punched with a hole punch for future use.

[0044] b) liquid culture

[0045] Take a Erlenmeyer flask with a capacity of 1L, add 250ml of PDB medium, and then add three pieces of bacteria with a diameter of 5mm, place the Erlenmeyer flask on a shaker at a speed of 160r / min, and cultivate in an environment of 28±2°C for 3 - Reserved after 4 days;

[0046] c)...

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for efficiently preventing and controlling watermelon wilt and a special microorganism strain thereof. The method comprises: removing previous crop residues in soil; after rotary tillage, applying an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer; spreading dazomet and adjusting moisture content of the soil; covering a plastic thin film by taking a watermelon planting row as a center; burying the edge of the thin film into the soil; after disinfecting for 12-20 days, cutting off the plastic thin film and uncovering the plastic thin film to two edges; ventilating for 3-4 days and uniformly spreading a trichoderma solid microbial agent; and planting watermelon seedlings and covering the periphery of the watermelon seedlings with the plastic thin film, the trichoderma solid microbial agent being prepared from green trichoderma with a preservation number of CGMCC No.9293. With the adoption of the method disclosed by the present invention, the pollution to the environment, caused by the utilization of a dazomet disinfectant and the plastic thin film, is reduced, and the inhibition effect on the growth of watermelon wilt bacteria is intensive, so that the aims that the increase of the quantity of pathogenic bacteria is continuously inhibited and the disease prevention and control effect is enhanced can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of crop disease prevention and control, in particular to a method for efficiently preventing and controlling watermelon wilt and special strains thereof. Background technique [0002] Watermelon is a popular fruit. With the increase of social demand, the planting area of ​​watermelon is also expanding, and the occurrence of watermelon wilt is becoming more and more common and serious, and it has become a devastating soil disease worldwide. fungal disease, the pathogen of the disease is Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.niveum FON (Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.niveum FON). , diseased plants, seeds and soil overwinter, and can survive for 5-6 years without the host, and a small part of the bacteria can even survive for more than 10 years, generally distributed in the 0-25cm soil layer, which is the first disease in the coming year. The source of infection has become the main factor leading to the reduction of watermelon production. At...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G1/00A01G13/00C12N1/14C12R1/885
CPCA01G13/00A01G22/00C12N1/14
Inventor 马艳王秋君王光飞郭德杰
Owner JIANGSU ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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