Hydrophobic and oleophilic-hydrophilic underwater oleophobic thin oil film as well as adjustment and control method, preparation process and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrophobic and oleophilic-hydrophilic underwater oleophobic thin oil film as well as an adjustment and control method, a preparation process and application thereof. The preparation process comprises the following steps: taking hyperbranched polyurethane and perfluorinated iodine octane-modified silicon dioxide nano particles as raw materials and preparing a function-adjustable and controllable oil / water separation thin film by utilizing electrostatic spinning. The oil / water separation thin film is prepared by controlling the proportion of the silicon dioxide nano particles to the hyperbranched polyurethane; under electrostatic spinning conditions, a fiber diameter and film thickness-controllable filter thin film is obtained, and a relation between a fiber structure and the oil and water separation property is established. When the thin film is subjected to oxygen plasma treatment, the hydrophobic property of the thin film is changed, and the thin film is converted into the hydrophobic underwater oleophobic thin film through the hydrophobic and lipophilic properties, so that a water-in-oil emulsion and an oil-in water emulsion can be separated; due to the characteristics of low surface energy of a fluorocarbon chain and the property of low polyurethane glass transition temperature, when the temperature is higher than the glass temperature of a polymer, a molecular chain segment containing the hyperbranched polyurethane moves, and the fluorine chain is migrated to the surface, so that the function adjustment and control properties of the thin film are realized.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of separation of oil-water materials, and in particular relates to a hydrophobic-oleophilic-hydrophilic underwater oleophobic film and its control method, preparation process and application. Background technique

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the problems of oil pollutants and oil leakage in water bodies have become increasingly prominent, causing great harm to human health, water environment and ecological environment balance. Oil-polluted water sources have become an urgent need in the world One of the important environmental problems to be solved.

[0003] The research on oil-water separation materials provides a way to solve the above problems, but ordinary oil-water separation membranes lose their ability to effectively separate oil-water mixtures because they are easily affected by external conditions. The wetting properties of the materials are of concer...

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