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Chitosan nanofiber composite membrane for adsorption and separation of heavy metal ions and its preparation method and application

A technology of chitosan nanometer and heavy metal ions is applied in the application field of adsorption materials and nanomaterials, which can solve the problems of low use efficiency and poor mechanical properties, and achieve the effects of reducing energy loss, overcoming poor strength and improving adsorption capacity.

Active Publication Date: 2018-10-09
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The present invention not only broadens the practical application of electrospinning nanomaterials in the adsorption of heavy metals, but also overcomes the disadvantages of chitosan electrospinning nanofibers because the composite membrane material prepared by the present invention has the characteristics of high strength, low price and simple production. The disadvantages of poor mechanical properties and low efficiency during direct use

Method used

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  • Chitosan nanofiber composite membrane for adsorption and separation of heavy metal ions and its preparation method and application
  • Chitosan nanofiber composite membrane for adsorption and separation of heavy metal ions and its preparation method and application
  • Chitosan nanofiber composite membrane for adsorption and separation of heavy metal ions and its preparation method and application

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Embodiment 1

[0057] 1) Dissolving 3g of chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 90% and a molecular weight of 200,000 in acetic acid solution of 90% by mass fraction in 57g was stirred and dissolved for 12h to obtain a uniform spinning solution with a mass fraction of 5%; Chitosan nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The electrospinning process was as follows: voltage 23kV, spinning distance 6cm, liquid supply speed 1mL / h; gram weight 34g / m 2 The polyester non-woven fabric is used as the base, the diameter of the polyester fiber is 20 μm, and the pore size of the non-woven fabric is 114 μm; the chitosan nanofiber is electrospun on the non-woven fabric substrate to obtain the chitosan nanofiber / polyester Non-woven composite material. The mean diameter of chitosan fiber in the composite material prepared is 60-120nm (as figure 1 shown), the weight of chitosan fiber is 2g / m 2 , the pore size of the composite material was 0.56 μm; the prepared composite material was put into a desicc...

Embodiment 2

[0061] 1) Dissolving 1.5g of chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 95% and a molecular weight of 150,000 in 50g of trifluoroacetic acid was stirred and dissolved for 4h to obtain a uniform spinning solution with a mass fraction of 3%; using the electrospinning method Chitosan nanofibers were prepared; among them, the electrospinning process was: voltage 15kV, spinning distance 10cm, liquid supply speed 0.5mL / h; the gram weight was 27g / m 2 The polypropylene fiber non-woven fabric is used as the base, and the chitosan nanofiber is electrospun on the base to obtain the chitosan / polypropylene non-woven fabric composite material; the average diameter of the chitosan fiber in the prepared composite material is 70- 150nm, the weight of chitosan fiber is 1g / m 2 , the pore size of the composite material was 1.03 μm; the prepared composite material was put into a desiccator filled with 20mL glyoxal solution, and the glyoxal vapor was cross-linked for 12 hours to obtain a cross-linked ...

Embodiment 3

[0065] 1) 3g deacetylation degree is 70%, the chitosan that molecular weight is 300,000 is dissolved in the acetic acid solution that 57g mass fraction is 85%, stirring and dissolving 12h, obtaining the uniform spinning solution that mass fraction is 5%; Utilize Chitosan nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning; the electrospinning process was as follows: voltage 30kV, spinning distance 15cm, liquid supply speed 1.5ml / h; gram weight 34g / m 2 The polyamide non-woven fabric is the substrate, the diameter of the polyamide fiber is 10 μm, and the pore size of the non-woven fabric is 68 μm; the chitosan nanofiber is electrospun on the substrate to obtain the chitosan nanofiber / polyamide non-woven fabric Composite material; the average diameter of chitosan fiber in the prepared composite material is 70-200nm, and the gram weight of chitosan fiber is 0.5g / m 2 , the pore size of the composite material was 3.2 μm; the prepared composite material was put into a desiccator filled with ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a chitosan nanofiber composite film for adsorbing and separating heavy metal ions and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite film is a chitosan electrospun nanofiber / non-woven fabric base composite film. The method for preparing the composite film comprises the following steps: performing electro-spinning on chitosan on a non-woven fabric base through an electrostatic spinning method, thereby obtaining a composite fiber film; and combining multiple composite fiber film layers in different manners, thereby preparing an adsorption and separation medium. The adsorption and separation medium is filled in a filter separator and can be used for dynamically adsorbing and filtering to remove heavy metal ions in water. The composite film disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in preparation method, green, environmental-friendly, low in cost, easy to popularize and apply, high in heavy metal wastewater treatment efficiency and high in selectivity, can be used for purifying and treating heavy metals in industrial and domestic wastewater, and has important social and economical benefits.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the application field of adsorption materials and nanometer materials, in particular to a chitosan nanofiber composite film and its preparation method and application, in particular to a chitosan nanofiber composite film for adsorption and separation of heavy metal ions and its preparation methods and applications. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and society and the acceleration of the industrialization process, the random discharge of a large amount of industrial wastewater has caused serious heavy metal pollution in water bodies. In recent years, incidents of heavy metal pollution of water bodies have occurred frequently. For example, in 2012, Yunnan Qujing Luliang Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. illegally dumped more than 5,000 tons of industrial waste chromium slag and polluted the upper reaches of the Pearl River, resulting in the death of 77 livestock in rural areas near the d...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J20/26B01J20/30B01D69/12B01D71/08B01D71/48B01D67/00C02F1/28C02F1/44C02F101/20C02F101/22
Inventor 李蕾李艳香杨传芳
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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