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Acidic ionic liquid and method for separating and purifying rare earth or rare and precious metals by solvent extraction coupling electrolytic process

A technology of acidic ionic liquids and ionic liquids, applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, etc., can solve problems such as high energy consumption, poor selectivity, and low metal ion loading capacity

Active Publication Date: 2017-02-15
中科新镧系(厦门)科技有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In terms of extraction, the dissolution of ionic liquids for metal oxides has been proven, but the existing ionic liquids have poor selectivity for metal oxides and low extraction rates
[0006] When traditional ionic liquids use traditional molten salt electrolysis to ionize metals, there is a defect of high energy consumption
Although a new type of ionic liquid electrolysis method has been developed recently, there are still disadvantages such as low loading capacity of metal ions in ionic liquid and complicated process.

Method used

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  • Acidic ionic liquid and method for separating and purifying rare earth or rare and precious metals by solvent extraction coupling electrolytic process
  • Acidic ionic liquid and method for separating and purifying rare earth or rare and precious metals by solvent extraction coupling electrolytic process
  • Acidic ionic liquid and method for separating and purifying rare earth or rare and precious metals by solvent extraction coupling electrolytic process

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preparation example Construction

[0034] The acidic ionic liquid of the present invention is an ionic liquid containing effective functional groups having a structure as shown in one of the above general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3) and general formula (4). The acidic ionic liquid is prepared by conventional methods in the art. Taking the ionic liquid shown in general formula (1-1) as an example, its preparation method comprises:

[0035]

[0036] In organic solvents, trialkylamines (R 1 R 2 R 3 N) and Br-R 4 -R 5 OOH is synthesized in the general formula (1-1) by heating for Tf 2 N - material, and then obtained by ion exchange Ionic liquids of other groups defined in general formula (1-1).

[0037] Taking the ionic liquid shown in general formula (2) as an example again, its preparation method comprises:

[0038]

[0039] Trialkylamine (R 1 R 2 R 3 N) and Cl-R 4 -R 10 (where R 10 For the reaction of ethyl oxide) intermediates, intermediates and H-R 6 -CH 2 -C...

Embodiment 1

[0059] Examples of the invention are given by way of illustration and not limitation (see figure 1 ). Specifically, for a certain rare earth metal (or rare precious metal) oxide, the implementation of elution coupling electrolysis is used to prepare high-purity metals.

[0060] Weigh quantitative yttrium oxide (Y 2 o 3 ) into the container (0.1g), add quantitative water (0-20% volume ratio), add quantitative ionic liquid (1ml) containing effective functional groups, close the container, and stir under heating (40-90°C) ( 1-48 hours). The metal-containing ionic liquid is taken out. By means of electrolytic purification, the electrolysis voltage is set at 2-5V for 0.1-5 hours, and finally the electrolysis product is obtained. The recovery rate of pure metal yttrium of the electrolysis product is 60-99%, and the purity is not less than 2N.

[0061] Similar substances, such as gadolinium oxide, lanthanum oxide, neodymium oxide, etc., can be prepared by the method of this embo...

Embodiment 2

[0063] In the present embodiment, utilize the new technology of acidic ionic liquid of the present invention (referring to figure 1 ), to separate and purify rare earth metal elements that are difficult to separate.

[0064] Weigh a quantitative mixture of praseodymium oxide and neodymium oxide (weight ratio 1:1), add it to a container (0.1-0.5g), add a certain amount of water (0-20% volume ratio), and add a quantitative amount of ions containing effective functional groups Liquid (1ml), close the container, stir (1-48 hours) under heating (40-90°C). Filter to remove undissolved metal oxides (praseodymium oxides), and take out the filtered ionic liquid containing neodymium oxides. In the extraction section, the separation coefficient of praseodymium and neodymium (1.5-6, obtained by back extraction) is realized. Then, by means of electrolytic purification, the electrolysis voltage is set at 2-5V for 0.1-5 hours, and finally the electrolysis product is obtained. The recovery ra...

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Abstract

The invention relates to acidic ionic liquid and a method for obtaining objective metals or removing poisonous metals from metal solid-phase matters. The method comprises the following steps: (1) taking the acidic ionic liquid of the invention as an extraction agent, and carrying out solvent extraction on metal solid-phase matters; and (2) carrying out electrolysis on an extract of the step (1) to obtain the objective metals or remove the poisonous metals, wherein the metal solid-phase matters comprise the following components: (a) indissolvable oxide, chloride, phosphate compounds or hydroxide of the objective metals, (b) a mixture of indissolvable oxides of various metals, (c) spent fuels containing poisonous metals and the like. By the method, the use amount of acid and organic solvents can be reduced effectively. In addition, by characteristics of low volatility, high electric conductivity and the like of the acidic ionic liquid, required energy during electrolysis is reduced, costs and environmental harm in a metallurgical process are reduced, and environmental protection property of the process is improved. The method has great value on the industry.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of separation and purification of rare earths or rare precious metals, in particular to an acidic ionic liquid and a method for separating and purifying rare earths or rare precious metals using the ionic liquid's extraction coupling electrolysis method. Background technique [0002] Strategic rare and precious metal materials are inseparable elements in human production and life. In the face of energy development, many new alloys have been developed, including i) rare earth magnesium alloys (lanthanum La, cerium Ce, yttrium Y), ii) rare earth aluminum alloys, iii) magnetic refrigeration alloys (gallium Ga), iv) lanthanum iron alloys and v ) rare earth magnet alloys (cerium Ce, praseodymium Pr, neodymium Nd, samarium Sm, terbium Tb, dysprosium Dy), etc. The preparation of these new alloys depends on a large amount of high-purity rare earth metals and / or rare precious metals. Therefore, there is an increasingly strong...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B3/32C25C3/34
CPCC25C3/34C22B3/32Y02P10/20
Inventor 赵志钢陈鹏杨帆
Owner 中科新镧系(厦门)科技有限公司
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