A kind of silicon-based composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

A technology of lithium-ion batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in battery electrodes, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, negative electrodes, etc., can solve problems such as capacity decay, loss of cycle ability, and structural pulverization, and increase distribution density , Low volume expansion effect, avoid entanglement effect

Active Publication Date: 2020-06-23
SHENZHEN DYNANONIC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the volume effect generated by the intercalation and extraction of lithium ions during the charging and discharging process, silicon anode materials are prone to powdering of the structure, resulting in rapid capacity decay and loss of cycle ability.
In view of the above problems, the commonly used solutions at present are nano-silicon-based materials, and compounding / coating silicon and carbon, etc., but these methods cannot solve the volume effect of silicon well.

Method used

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  • A kind of silicon-based composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of silicon-based composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of silicon-based composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

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[0051] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a silicon-based composite negative electrode material for a lithium-ion battery, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (1) forming a nano-silicon material array on the substrate; wherein, in the nano-silicon material array, the structure of the nano-silicon material is a nanowire, nanorod or nanotube;

[0053] (2) providing silicon nanospheres and / or silicon oxide nanospheres;

[0054] (3) placing the silicon nanospheres and / or silicon oxide nanospheres on the substrate formed with the nano-silicon material array, so that the silicon nanospheres and / or silicon oxide nanospheres are located on the nanometer Between the gaps of the silicon material, the silicon-based composite negative electrode material for the lithium-ion battery is obtained.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the nano-silicon material array is a silicon nanowire array, it is pro...

Embodiment 1

[0100] A preparation method for a silicon-based composite negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, comprising the following steps:

[0101] (1) Silicon nanowire array with porous structure on silicon wafer:

[0102] Mix equal volumes of 5mol / L HF and 0.01mol / L silver nitrate to obtain a mixed solution, place a silicon chip in it, and conduct a silver-attaching reaction at 40°C for 30 minutes; then take out and clean the reacted substrate, and place It was soaked in aqua regia to remove attached silver particles and form silicon nanowires. Then wash off the excess HF with ethanol, and blow dry to form a silicon nanowire array with a porous structure on the silicon wafer (the holes here refer to the holes on the silicon nanowire).

[0103] (2) Preparation of SiO 2 Nanospheres:

[0104] At a stirring speed of 150 rpm, 10 mL of absolute ethanol, 0.2 mL of high-purity water, 0.1 mL of ammonia (25% by mass), 0.25 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS ), after reacti...

Embodiment 2

[0108] A preparation method for a silicon-based composite negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, comprising the following steps:

[0109] (1) Preparation of silicon nanorod arrays on silicon wafers:

[0110] Adopt 10×10mm 2 The n-type silicon wafer is placed in a tube furnace at 800°C, and oxygen and water vapor are fed into it for thermal generation to obtain a silicon dioxide film with a thickness of 60nm; then the silicon wafer is immersed in a dilute HF solution (commercially available HF and The diluted volume ratio of ionized water is 1:16) and etched for 4 minutes; then the etched substrate is quickly placed in a tube furnace, and silane gas diluted to 5‰ with inert argon is introduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled to be 5ccm. Then 100 sccm of nitrogen gas was introduced, and the temperature was 800° C. and the growth pressure was 20 kPa, and the reaction was carried out for 2 hours, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain silicon nanorod a...

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-based composite negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery. The silicon-based composite negative electrode material comprises a matrix and a nano-silicon material array arranged on the matrix, wherein silicon and / or silicon oxide nanospheres are formed among gaps of the nano-silicon material array. According to the silicon-based composite negative electrode material, an one-dimensional silicon nano-silicon material array and a three-dimensional silicon nanospheres are combined in the silicon-based composite negative electrode material, so that the volume effect of silicon can be fully reduced, the cycling performance can be improved, the volume specific capacity can also be improved, and all morphological materials are guaranteed to be not liableto agglomerate. The invention further provides a preparation method for the silicon-based composite negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a silicon-based composite negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion battery is currently the most widely used secondary battery. Due to its advantages of specific capacity, high charge and discharge efficiency, good cycle performance and low cost, it has become a research hotspot in the battery industry. Important components, which affect the specific energy and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries, have always been the focus of lithium-ion battery research. [0003] Silicon-based anode materials have the highest lithium storage capacity and low voltage platform, and are regarded as the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, due to the volume effect produced by the intercalation and extraction of lithium ions during the charging and discharging process...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/48H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCB82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M4/364H01M4/386H01M4/48H01M4/625H01M10/0525H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 孔令涌尚伟丽陈彩凤任望保
Owner SHENZHEN DYNANONIC
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