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Carbon three-dimensional structural electrode of secondary battery and preparation method and application of carbon three-dimensional structural electrode

A three-dimensional structure and electrode technology, applied in the electrodes of primary batteries, secondary batteries, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of battery short circuit, battery failure, combustion and explosion, etc., to improve metal dendrites, ensure integrity, and improve energy. The effect of density

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-03-01
INST OF PHYSICS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the uneven distribution of electrode current density during the deposition and stripping process, the metal deposition or stripping is uneven, resulting in the formation of metal dendrites during the deposition process, or the formation of dendrites that break and lose electrical contact with the surrounding active metals or electrodes during the stripping process. "Island", reducing the safety performance and service life of the battery
In more severe cases, metal dendrites will pierce the battery's separator or solid electrolyte and cause a short circuit in the battery, causing the battery to fail or even burn and explode.

Method used

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  • Carbon three-dimensional structural electrode of secondary battery and preparation method and application of carbon three-dimensional structural electrode
  • Carbon three-dimensional structural electrode of secondary battery and preparation method and application of carbon three-dimensional structural electrode
  • Carbon three-dimensional structural electrode of secondary battery and preparation method and application of carbon three-dimensional structural electrode

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0080] This example is used to illustrate the electrode of the present invention and its preparation method and application.

[0081] 1. Fabrication of carbon nanotube three-dimensional structure electrodes for lithium secondary batteries

[0082] Commercialized carbon nanotube sponges were punched into discs with a diameter of 14 mm and a thickness of 2 μm. Wherein, the inner diameter of the carbon nanotube is 20nm, the outer diameter is 40nm, and the ratio of amorphous carbon and graphitic carbon in the material is 0.74. A carbon nanotube sponge electrode with a diameter of 14 mm such as figure 1 shown.

[0083] Such as figure 2 As shown, the prepared carbon nanotube sponge electrode has a three-dimensional structure, and its porosity is 95%. The above-mentioned carbon nanotube sponge electrode was cleaned with dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water and alcohol respectively, and then the cleaned carbon nanotube sponge electrode was placed in a vacuum chamber and evac...

Embodiment 2

[0093] This example is used to illustrate the electrode of the present invention and its preparation method and application.

[0094] 1. Fabrication of graphitized carbon fiber three-dimensional structure electrodes for lithium secondary batteries

[0095] Commercially available graphitized carbon fibers were punched into discs with a diameter of 14 mm and a thickness of 3 μm. Among them, the diameter of the carbon fiber is 500nm, and the ratio of amorphous carbon and graphitic carbon in the material is 0.51.

[0096] Observing the graphitized carbon fiber electrode of Example 2 through a scanning electron microscope showed that the graphitized carbon fiber had a three-dimensional structure with a porosity of 90%.

[0097] The above-mentioned graphitized carbon fiber electrode was cleaned with citric acid, deionized water and alcohol respectively, and then the cleaned graphitized carbon fiber electrode was placed in a vacuum chamber for 12 hours at room temperature to make it...

Embodiment 3

[0107] This example is used to illustrate the electrode of the present invention and its preparation method and application.

[0108] 1. Fabrication of carbon nanowire three-dimensional structure electrodes for lithium secondary batteries

[0109] Commercialized carbon nanowire sheets were punched into discs with a diameter of 14 mm and a thickness of 2 μm. Wherein, the diameter of the carbon nanowire is 70nm, and the ratio of amorphous carbon and graphitic carbon in the material (calculated according to the integral area of ​​the D peak representing the amorphous carbon and the G peak representing the graphitic carbon in the Raman spectrum of the corresponding material) is 0.65.

[0110] Such as Image 6 As shown, the prepared carbon nanowire electrode has a three-dimensional structure with a porosity of 92%.

[0111] The above-mentioned carbon nanowire electrodes were cleaned with dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water and alcohol respectively, and then the cleaned carb...

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Abstract

The invention provides a carbon three-dimensional structural electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. When the carbon three-dimensional structural electrode provided by the invention is adopted as an anode of a battery, active metal is deposited on or dissolved out of a carbon material three-dimensional skeleton, corresponding metallic dendrites are not generated, and the phenomenon that the dendrites puncture an electrolyte and consequently the battery is subjected to short circuit is avoided; rich holes in the three-dimensional electrode can accommodate the active metal deposited on a skeleton electrode and volume-expanded active metal, and the problems that the electrode structure collapses due to dissolving out of the active metal, consequently the size and shape ofthe battery are changed, the cycle life is shortened, and energy density is decreased are avoided through the rigid structure of the three-dimensional skeleton; and a carbon material can provide a space or a channel for embedding and stripping metal ions, and the storage capacity of the battery is increased. When the carbon three-dimensional structural electrode provided by the invention is used as the anode of the battery, the original assembly process of the battery does not need to be changed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a carbon three-dimensional structure electrode for secondary batteries, a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] With the development of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, people's demand for energy storage devices with high energy density is increasing. Secondary batteries based on intercalation chemistry are difficult to break through the capacity bottleneck due to the limitation of the crystal structure of the intercalation host. Therefore, at present, people are shifting the focus of research and development to various secondary batteries based on active metal deposition and stripping, such as lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, lithium-air (oxygen, the same below) with metals as anode (negative electrode) active materials. ) batteries, sodium-air batteries, zinc-air batteries, potassium batteries, magnesi...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/62H01M4/06H01M4/08H01M4/131H01M4/136H01M4/1391H01M4/1397H01M4/36H01M4/46H01M4/50H01M4/525H01M4/58H01M10/0525H01M10/054H01M10/36H01M12/08B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCB82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M4/06H01M4/08H01M4/131H01M4/136H01M4/1391H01M4/1397H01M4/364H01M4/463H01M4/502H01M4/525H01M4/5825H01M4/628H01M10/0525H01M10/054H01M10/36H01M12/08Y02E60/10
Inventor 杨高靖王兆翔陈立泉
Owner INST OF PHYSICS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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