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Method for preparing special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high thermal stability from lignocellulose biomass

A technology for lignocellulose and biomass raw materials, which is applied in the preparation of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures, fuels, and refined hydrocarbon oils, etc., can solve the problem of limited space for improving fuel density, calorific value, stability and freezing point, and insufficient fuel molecular structure regulation. , unable to meet the rapid development of aerospace vehicles and other problems, to achieve the effect of promoting national defense construction, realizing diversification, and ensuring supply security

Active Publication Date: 2020-03-27
GUANGZHOU INST OF ENERGY CONVERSION - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the single functional group of the raw materials of petroleum-based platform compounds, most of the fuel molecules are prepared by D-A reaction of platform substances containing olefin groups, the structural control means of fuel molecules are insufficient, and the characteristic indicators such as density, calorific value, stability and freezing point of fuel are improved. Space is limited, unable to meet the needs of the rapid development of current aerospace vehicles

Method used

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  • Method for preparing special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high thermal stability from lignocellulose biomass
  • Method for preparing special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high thermal stability from lignocellulose biomass
  • Method for preparing special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high thermal stability from lignocellulose biomass

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1-5

[0032] Examples 1-5: Preparation of Platform Compounds

[0033] The sulfuric acid-zinc sulfate catalyst (molar ratio of sulfuric acid and zinc sulfate is 1:1) and the biomass raw material (corn stover) are mixed and filled into the kettle type reactor, and then steam is introduced into the raw material through steam stripping operation. Hemicellulose is converted into furfural platform compounds and taken out of the reactor; then the steam pressure is increased to hydrolyze the cellulose components in the lignocellulosic biomass feedstock to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The specific parameters and target product yield are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1

[0035]

Embodiment 6-9

[0036] Example 6-9: Preparation of cyclopentanone

[0037] In the autoclave, using water as solvent, furfural in Raney Ni (CAS: 7440-02-0) or NiCu / SBA-15 (the mass content of Ni is 10%, the NiCu / SBA-15 with equal metal molar concentration was prepared by impregnation method. Under the action of SBA-15 catalyst), it is converted into cyclopentanone by selective hydrogenation rearrangement reaction. The specific parameters and the yield of the target product cyclopentanone are shown in Table 2.

[0038] Table 2

[0039]

[0040]

Embodiment 10-13

[0041] Examples 10-13: Preparation of 1-hydroxy-2,5-hexanedione

[0042] In an autoclave, using water as a solvent, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was selectively hydrogenated to 1-hydroxy-2,5-hexane under the action of a Pd / C or Ru / C catalyst with a metal loading of 5%. diketone. The specific parameters and the yield of the target product 1-hydroxy-2,5-hexanedione are shown in Table 3.

[0043] table 3

[0044]

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high thermal stability from lignocellulose biomass. The method mainly comprises the following threesteps: 1) converting hemicellulose and cellulose in a biomass raw material into aldehydes and ketones (containing cyclic ketone substances) platform compounds through steam stripping and hydrolysis and then carrying out directional cross condensation and hydrodeoxygenation among platform compounds to synthesize low-freezing-point aviation oil components mainly comprising components such as direct-connection hydrocarbon, branched-chain isohydrocarbon and loop-chain isohydrocarbon of which the carbon chain length is 8-17; 2) synthesizing a high-density aviation oil component through cyclic ketone platform compound self-condensation and hydrodeoxygenation; and 3) preparing a cyclohexane component with high chemical heat sink characteristic and an additive component with thermal oxidation resistance through oriented depolymerization and conversion of lignin and obtaining the biomass special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high heat sink characteristic through component blending and hydrofining accordingly, thereby meeting the requirement of rapid development of high-performance aircrafts in China.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass resource utilization, biomass liquid fuel and aviation fuel preparation, and specifically relates to a method for preparing a low-freezing point, high-density, and high-thermal-stability special fuel through directional preparation of lignocellulosic biomass raw materials through various platform compounds . Background technique [0002] Modern aircraft have higher and higher requirements for performance indicators such as load, speed, flight range, and flight altitude, which also put forward higher requirements for the fuel used by the aircraft. Among them, increasing the density and volume calorific value of the fuel is an important way to improve the propulsion performance of the aircraft at low cost. In the case of a certain fuel tank volume, the higher the fuel density and the greater the volume calorific value, the farther the flight range of the aircraft will be. Cruise missiles or high-p...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10G1/00C10G45/04C10G45/10C10G45/06
CPCC10G1/002C10G45/04C10G45/06C10G45/10C10G2300/202C10G2300/4006C10G2300/4012C10G2300/4018C10G2300/70C10L2200/0469C10L2230/04C10L2230/081
Inventor 马隆龙张兴华王晨光张琦刘琪英陈伦刚刘建国
Owner GUANGZHOU INST OF ENERGY CONVERSION - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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