77results about "Fuels" patented technology

The invention relates to a wet sludge anhydration treatment system which comprises a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction device which is used for carrying out the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction of wet sludge and saturated water vapor to convert macromolecular organics in the wet sludge into low-molecular organics, a spiral centrifugal filtering device which is used for carrying out centrifugal filtering and dehydration to the wet sludge after the pyrolysis in a mechanical separation manner so as to obtain semi-dry sludge with the water content of 55 percent to 60 percent, and a drying device which is used for drying and removing the water in the semi-dry sludge after the filtering and hydration so as to obtain dried-sludge solid fuel with the water content of 10 percent to 40 percent. Meanwhile, the invention also relates to a wet sludge anhydration treatment technology by adopting the treatment system. The system and the technology of the invention can solve the problem of renewable resource of sludge in a method of environment protection, energy saving, high resource utilization and low operating cost.

A method for separating neutral lipids from plant material, in particular, intact algal cells, using an amphipathic solvent set and a hydrophobic solvent set. Some embodiments include dewatering intact algal cells and then extracting neutral lipids from the algal cells. The methods provide for single and multistep extraction processes which allow for efficient separation of algal neutral lipids from a wet algal biomass while avoiding emulsification of extraction mixtures. These neutral lipids are high value products which can be used to generate renewable fuels.

A method for separating polar lipids and neutral lipids from plant material, in particular, intact algal cells, using an amphipathic solvent set and a hydrophobic solvent set. Some embodiments include dewatering intact algal cells and then extracting polar lipids and neutral lipids from the algal cells. The methods provide for single and multistep extraction processes which allow for efficient separation of algal polar lipids and neutral lipids from a wet algal biomass while avoiding emulsification of extraction mixtures. These polar lipids are high value products which can be used as surfactants, detergents, and food additives. These neutral lipids are also high value products which can be used to generate renewable fuels.

The invention relates to a gasoline treatment method, which comprises: feeding a gasoline raw material into a fluidized reactor, contacting a mixed catalyst, and carrying out a desulfurization and aromatization reaction under a hydrogen present condition to obtain a desulfurization and aromatization product, wherein the mixed catalyst comprises an adsorption desulfurization catalyst and an olefinaromatization catalyst, the olefin aromatization catalyst comprises, by weight, 0.1-5.0 wt% of a passivation material, and the passivation material comprises at least an element selected from carbon,sulfur and nitrogen. With the method of the present invention, the sulfur content and the olefin content in gasoline can be reduced, and the octane number of gasoline can be increased while the high gasoline yield can be maintained.

The present disclosure relates to a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube heat exchanger, and to a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube heat exchanger which provide a new type of reactor and heat exchanger, thereby maximizing catalyst performance and improving performance of the reactor by optimizing heat exchange efficiency and a heat flow, uniformly distributing a reactant, and increasing a flow rate of the reactant, and accordingly making the reactor and the heat exchanger compact.

A combustible fire starting kit for conveniently stacking and burning fuel. The combustible fire starting kit includes a rectangular base frame having four side members and an aperture placed along an exterior wall. A bottom layer and a top layer are secured to the base frame, each layer having a plurality of parallel slats positioned at regular intervals. The side members, top layer and bottom layer form an interior volume where kindling material is placed. Vertical side support members are secured to the base frame in order allow for easy stacking of fuel. A wick is placed in the aperture, extending from the interior volume to beyond the exterior wall of the base frame. The base frame, top and bottom layers, and side support members are made from combustible material, allowing a user to burn the combustible fire starting kit along with the fuel.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an azobenzene-based light energy storage phase change material. The method comprises the following steps that: (1) preparing photoresponse azobenzene molecules: carrying out a reaction on 4-hydroxyazobenzene and 1-bromoalkane by using N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent under an alkali and iodine-containing catalyst condition to obtain 4-alkoxy azobenzene energy storage molecules; and (2) preparing the azobenzene light energy storage phase change material: carrying out melt blending on the 4-alkoxy azobenzene energy storage molecules prepared inthe step (1) and an organic phase change material, fully stirring the molecules and the organic phase change material to obtain the azobenzene light energy storage phase change material. The phase change point of the phase change material decreases under ultraviolet irradiation, the phase change point of the phase change material rises under visible light irradiation, light response phase change control exists. The azobenzene light energy storage molecules have photochromic performance; the change of the color can indicate the change of an isomerism degree; and based on the corresponding relation, an energy storage state can be monitored, and the utilization efficiency of energy is improved.

A multi function rural fuel platform has a biofuel production unit and a diesel engine incorporated onto a transportable platform, wherein said biofuel production unit produces fuel for said diesel engine.

The invention discloses a heating forming machine for a honeycomb biomass cured fuel. The heating forming machine for the honeycomb biomass cured fuel comprises a charge device, a box body, a formingdevice, a stamping chipping-sweeping device, a finished product conveying device and a power transmission device, wherein the charge device comprises a charge hopper and a material barrel; the material barrel is arranged below the charge hopper; the forming device is arranged below the material barrel; a piston rod is arranged at the inner side of the material barrel and at the lower end of the box body; and the forming device comprises a forming die, a tray, a spiral heating wire and a power connector. The heating forming machine for the honeycomb biomass cured fuel has the following beneficial effects: the biomass cured fuel produced by the cured fuel forming machine is honeycomb, and high in burn-off rate and calorific value; the cured fuel forming machine is simple in structure, stablein mechanism running, reliable in working, low in noise in a production process, and capable of meeting the environmental protection requirement; the overall system is high in adaptive capacity, andcapable of meeting different process requirements; wearing parts are easy to install, detach and change; and equipment parts are simple to machine.

A novel chemically cross-linked rubbery polymeric thin film composite (TFC) membrane comprising a selective layer of a chemically cross-linked rubbery polymer supported by a porous support membrane formed from a glassy polymer has been developed. The chemically cross-linked rubbery polymeric thin film composite (TFC) membrane comprising a selective layer of a chemically cross-linked rubbery polymer supported by a porous support membrane formed from a glassy polymer may be used to separate at least one component from another.

The present disclosure relates to an electric discharge device (1) and associated method for molecular restructuring of a fluid. The electric discharge device (1) comprises a discharge cell (2) including a first dielectric layer (14A) and a second dielectric layer (14B) that are spaced apart by a gap constituting a flow channel (15) for a feed fluid to be molecularly restructured,. The dielectriclayers (14A, 14B) and the flow channel (15) are arranged between a first electrode (13A) and a second electrode (13B) for generating electric discharge in the flow channel (15) when voltage is appliedbetween the electrodes (13A, 13B). The discharge cell (2) comprises a double-walled dielectric tube (17) having an inner wall (17A) and an outer wall (17B) that come together at both ends of the tubeto form a double-walled dielectric tube (17) made in one piece, the inner and outer walls (17A, 17B) of the double-walled dielectric tube (17) constituting the first (14A) and second (14B) dielectriclayers of the discharge cell (2).

A method for reprocessing cyclone dust occurring during the carbochlorination of titaniferous raw materials, which essentially consists of titanium dioxide, coke and other inert metal oxides, such as silicon dioxide, and for returning a coke-rich and/or a TiO₂-rich fraction to the chlorination reactor includes:

• preparing an aqueous suspension of the cyclone dust;
• separating a coke-rich fraction (1) from the aqueous suspension by flotation;
• adding hydrofluoric acid to the remaining suspension; and
• separating a TiO₂-rich fraction (2) by flotation from the remaining suspension.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a middle-low temperature coal tar hydrotreating catalyst Ni2P/SiO2 or Ni2P/Al2O3. The preparation method comprises the following steps: impregnating nickel nitrate onto an SiO2 or Al2O3 carrier at equal volume; drying, calcining in air; reducing with hydrogen; reacting a reduction product and red phosphorus at 390-410 DEG C for 30-120 min; after finishing the reaction, cooling a reactor to room temperature; and then, feeding a nitrogen-oxygen gas mixture having an oxygen concentration of 0.5 vol% to 2 vol% for passivation. The preparation methodprovided by the invention has advantages of low cost, no toxicity, environmental protection and low phosphorus consumption.

The invention relates to a system (1) comprising a feeding device (2) comprising a channel (6) having an inlet (8) and an outlet (10) and a feed screw (12) for conveying biomass material through the channel. The feed screw comprises a screw flight (12b) that extends from a first end (12c) to a second end (12d) and is adapted to form a gas impermeable plug of biomass. The system comprises at least one primary measuring unit (14; 16) adapted to continuously measure a primary variable indicative of the gas permeability of the plug, which primary measuring unit is connected to said feeding device between the first end of the screw flight and the outlet; and a control unit (3) adapted to use said primary variable values to monitor the gas permeability of the plug. The invention also relates to a method for preventing blow back in the above described system.

The invention relates to a coal tar hydrodemetallization catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The coal tar hydrodemetallization catalyst comprises an alumina supporter and a hydrogenation activecomponent. The coal tar hydrodemetallization catalyst and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that a freeze drying method including freezing, sublimation and drying is used in the preparation of the supporter, and the dried supporter can keep the original frame structure after extrusion molding as compared with a supporter dried by other drying methods; Si is introduced into a network formed by Al-O bonds during supporter calcining, the connection between the Al-O bonds is broken to form a broken network, surface tension is lowered, pore wall collapse increases the pore diameter, and the pore structure of the alumina supporter can be directly effectively controlled; the prepared catalyst condenses the surface hydroxyl groups of the alumina to lower the acidity of the supporter so as to increase the reaction stability of the hydrodemetallization catalyst; by the dual function of a pore-enlarging agent and a sintering agent, the alumina supporter is large in pore capacity, centralized in pore distribution, high in mechanical strength and appropriate in surface acidity.

The invention provides a method for preparing special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high thermal stability from lignocellulose biomass. The method mainly comprises the following threesteps: 1) converting hemicellulose and cellulose in a biomass raw material into aldehydes and ketones (containing cyclic ketone substances) platform compounds through steam stripping and hydrolysis and then carrying out directional cross condensation and hydrodeoxygenation among platform compounds to synthesize low-freezing-point aviation oil components mainly comprising components such as direct-connection hydrocarbon, branched-chain isohydrocarbon and loop-chain isohydrocarbon of which the carbon chain length is 8-17; 2) synthesizing a high-density aviation oil component through cyclic ketone platform compound self-condensation and hydrodeoxygenation; and 3) preparing a cyclohexane component with high chemical heat sink characteristic and an additive component with thermal oxidation resistance through oriented depolymerization and conversion of lignin and obtaining the biomass special fuel with low freezing point, high density and high heat sink characteristic through component blending and hydrofining accordingly, thereby meeting the requirement of rapid development of high-performance aircrafts in China.

A method for determining whether a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, contained in a reservoir, comprises no more than a specified maximum permissible amount of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) for the fuel to be accepted as being suitable for use in a specified engine.

The invention relates to a process for making a purified lignin composition comprising a carrier liquid suitable for processing in a refinery. It comprises providing an aqueous lignin composition comprising lignin, cooking chemicals and water and adding a carrier liquid to the aqueous lignin to provide an organic phase. Then all or substantially all the water is removed from the composition. The lignin composition is processed to make the lignin more soluble in the carrier liquid in order to transfer more of the lignin to the organic phase. Cooking chemicals are removed, suitably by of washing by liquid/liquid extraction using a washing liquid. Finally washing liquid is removed.