106 results about "Venovenous Hemofiltration" patented technology

A system, method and apparatus for performing a renal replacement therapy is provided. In one embodiment, two small high flux dialyzers are connected in series. A restriction is placed between the two dialyzers in the dialysate flow path. The restriction is variable and adjustable in one preferred embodiment. The restriction builds a positive pressure in the venous dialyzer, causing a high degree of intentional backfiltration. That backfiltration causes a significant flow of dialysate through the high flux venous membrane directly into the patient's blood. That backfiltered solution is subsequently ultrafiltered from the patient from the arterial dialyzer. The diffusion of dialysate into the venous filter and removal of dialysate from the arterial dialyzer causes a convective transport of toxins from the patient. Additionally, the dialysate that does not diffuse directly into the patient but instead flows across the membranes of both dialyzers provides a diffusive clearance of waste products.

A multipurpose hemofiltration system (10) and method are disclosed for the removal of fluid and/or soluble waste from the blood of a patient. The system (10) continuously monitors the flow rates of drained fluid, blood, and infusate. When necessary, the pumping rates of the infusate, drained fluid and blood are adjusted to remove a preselected amount of fluid from the blood in a preselected time period. A supervisory controller (160) can monitor patient parameters, such as heart rate (120) and blood pressure (130), and adjust the pumping rates accordingly. The supervisory controller (160) uses fuzzy logic to make expert decisions, based upon a set of supervisory rules, to control each pumping rate to achieve a desired flow rate and to respond to fault conditions. An adaptive controller (162) corrects temporal variations in the flow rate based upon an adaptive law and a control law.

An extracorporeal blood processing system comprises a plastic molded compact manifold that supports a plurality of molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with a plurality of relevant sensors, valves and pumps. A disposable dialyzer is connected to the molded manifold to complete the blood circuit of the system. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine. Two-way valves in the manifold are used to direct the dialysate flow to the dialyzer in hemodialysis mode of operation and to bypass the dialyzer to direct the flow of infusion grade dialysate directly to the patient in hemofiltration mode of operation.

Volumetric accuracy in hemodialysis systems is provided by swapping pumps between the replacement fluid side and the output side for a hemofiltration system and between the return fluid side and the sorbent side for a closed-loop, sorbent-based system, such that same quantity of fluid is pumped at each point after the end of an even number of pump swaps. A method for calculating the time interval between swaps is provided based on an allowable difference in amount pumped in the two functions at any given time. A mechanism is provided for compensating for the differences in head pressure presented to the pumps for fluid coming from the replacement-fluid containers or the reservoir and that coming back from the patient through the dialyzer. The pump-swapping system provides an accurate means that can be inexpensively implemented, including using a disposable device.

A machine (1) for extracorporeal blood treatment comprises a device (2) for ultrafiltration of a liquid through a semi-permeable membrane (3) of a blood treatment device (4), a first sensor (11) for ultrafiltration rate through the membrane, a second group of sensors (13) for measuring a trans-membrane pressure, and a programmed controller (14) for calculating a maximum ultrafiltration rate as a function of the transmembrane pressure. The machine is suitable for kidney failure treatments, such as hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration. In a relatively short time the machine enables a large quantity of corporeal blood to be removed from the patient.

The present specification discloses a dialysis system having a reservoir module with a reservoir housing defining an internal space, a surface located within the internal space for supporting a container that contains dialysate, and a conductivity sensor located within the internal space, where the conductivity sensor has a coil, a capacitor in electrical communication with the coil, and an energy source in electrical communication with the circuit.

In a blood dialysis system including a source of substitution fluid (10) and a blood dialysis machine, a hemodiafiltration system having a first dialyzer (1) including a first blood compartment (4) having a first blood inlet which receives blood to be cleaned and a first blood outlet which discharges partially diafiltered blood and a first dialysate compartment (5) having a first dialysate inlet and a first dialysate outlet, means (8) for mixing the partially diafiltered blood with substitution fluid from the source to obtain a blood/substitution fluid mixture, and a second hemofilter (2) including a second blood compartment (11) having a second blood inlet which receives the blood/substitution fluid mixture and a second blood outlet which discharges filtered blood and a second permeate compartment (12) having a second permeate outlet.

A disposable fluid circuit kit for extracorporeal blood treatment systems that supply replacement fluid to a patient is described. The circuit has a blood portion that carries blood and subjects it to some treatment, such as dialysis or hemofiltration. A portion carries filtrate or dialysate. A replacement fluid portion that carries fluid used to compensate for fluid loss is connectable to a supply of replacement fluid. a sterilizing filter in the replacement fluid portion sterilizes the replacement fluid before introduction into the patient acting as a guard against touch contamination of the connected replacement fluid container. Preferably, the filter has a pore size effective to eliminate pyrogens.

A device for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid comprises a housing having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a gas bubble outlet. The housing includes a spiral wall defining a spiral flow path for the liquid and a hydrophobic membrane above the spiral wall and between the spiral wall and the gas bubble outlet. The spiral wall forces inward liquid entering the housing through the inlet into a spiral flow along the spiral flow path, and causes an upward flow of the gas bubbles toward the hydrophobic membrane. A method for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid, e.g., blood, e.g., during hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration, and use of such a degassing device in an extracorporeal circuit for degassing gas bubbles out of liquid, e.g., blood, e.g., during hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration, are disclosed.

A flow loop for hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration and hemofiltration for the treatment of pathological conditions such as End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) that has a controlled compliant flow path for preparing fluids required for a hemodialysis therapy session from water. The controlled compliant flow path modifies water into any one of a solution for priming a hemodialysis system, a physiologically compatible solution for contacting blood, a physiologically compatible solution for infusion to a subject, and a solution for blood rinse back to a subject. The controlled compliant flow path has a means for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the flow path.

A method for inhibiting hyperplasia at an anastomotic junction of a vascular fistula or vascular graft comprises exposing the anastomotic junction to vibrational energy at a mechanical index and for a time sufficient to inhibit hyperplasia. Kits are described comprising the catheter or a probe suitable for performing the methods together with instructions for use setting forth the methods. The methods and kits are particularly suitable for treating anastomotic junctions formed to provide vascular access for hemodialysis, hemofiltration, and the like. The methods and kits are also suitable for treating other vascular grafts, such as those formed during cardiac bypass graft surgery, vascular repair, and the like.

An apparatus configured for carrying out CRRT on patients weighing up to about 20 kg incorporates a control unit having a blood pump and a plurality of fluid pumps mounted thereon, and a controller configured for operating the blood pump and fluid pumps, and an interactive operator control system including an operator interface screen operatively connected to the controller, the controller including software configured to operate the apparatus in response to operator input selections. The interactive operator control system includes operator inputs for setting patient weight, blood pump flow rate and fluid pump flow rates and the controller is configured to calculate and display maximum allowable fluid gain or loss based solely on patient weight settings between zero kg and about 20 kg and trigger warnings and alarms for selected or calculated levels of patient fluid gain or loss and stop operation of the pumps or termination of CRRT in response to patient fluid gain or loss in excess of the maximum.

The present invention relates to a system for two-stage blood dialysis of a patient. In one embodiment, the system comprises a first filtration device for receiving the blood from the patient and for producing a first filtrate and processed blood. The system further comprises a second filtration device for receiving the first filtrate and producing replacement fluid and waste product. At least one of the first and second filtration devices preferably comprises a Taylor vortex-enhanced blood filtration device.

The present invention relates to a membrane being suitable for, for example, hemodialysis. Said membrane comprises at least one hydrophobic polymer and at least one hydrophilic polymer. According to the present invention the outer surface of the hollow fiber has pores in the range of 0.5-3 μm and the numbers of said pores in the outer surface are in the range of 10,000 to 150,000 pores per mm², preferably in the range of 18,000 to 100,000 pores per mm², and most preferably in the range of 20,000 to 100,000 pores per mm². The present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of said membrane and use of said membrane in hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration and hemofiltration, and in dialysis and filtration in general, for example in water purification or dehydration.

A disposable single-needle extracorporeal blood treatment circuit for such treatments of blood hemofiltration, plasma filtration, detoxification and alike includes a manually operated syringe attached to a proximal bifurcation and a patient's access port attached to a distal bifurcation. Both bifurcations are connected with each other by a withdrawal line and in parallel by a treatment loop including a blood treatment unit and an air removal element. In the first embodiment, one or two three-way valves (such as stop-cocks) are positioned at these bifurcations to allow directing the flow of blood from the patient to the syringe through the withdrawal line and redirecting the flow through the treatment loop when blood is being returned to the patient from the syringe. In a second embodiment, two check valves are positioned along said withdrawal line and said treatment loop to automatically direct the blood floe in the same manner. Additional flush and drain circuits are optionally included allowing a “stand-by” mode of operation.

Method and device for monitoring the flow speed of an infusion solution, such as with hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration. The device has a tube for conducting an infusion solution from a source of infusion solution to a pump device in the form of a metering pump, such as a peristaltic pump or a ceramic pump, and on to an infusion device, such as a drip chamber. The flow speed is determined by the metering pump. The flow speed is monitored separately in that the pressure across a restriction device in the tube is measured. The restriction device can be a separately arranged restriction valve. Alternatively the restriction device is arranged by the tube having a small internal diameter of the order of 0.5 mm in size. The pressure measuring device only needs to measure the absolute pressure with respect to the atmosphere. The hydrostatic pressure due to the infusion bag being hung above the pump and the pressure meter is subtracted in a calculation device.