The invention discloses a device for measuring the 
diffraction efficiency of an intermediate 
infrared blazed grating, and the device comprises a tunable intermediate 
infrared testing 
laser, a guide 
laser, a polarization device, a polarization light splitting device, a to-be-measured optical 
grating, a three-dimensional electric displacement platform, an 
optical detector, an attenuation piece, and a 
spectrometer. An intermediate 
infrared optical 
grating causes the differences of first-order 
diffraction output power of intermediate infrared 
laser with different wavelengths, different incident angles and different polarization characteristics, so the device carries out the direct measurement of the 
diffraction efficiency of the intermediate infrared optical 
grating, and more truly reflects the actual 
diffraction efficiency of the intermediate infrared optical grating in actual application. The device employs polarization light-splitting measurement and double-optical-path 
detector comparison detection, and guarantees the 
measurement precision. The device can achieve the 
continuous measurement of the first-order spectrum 
diffraction efficiency of the intermediate infrared optical grating.