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Ammonium nitrate cladding method

A technology of ammonium nitrate coating, applied in the generation of compressed gas, offensive equipment, explosives, etc., to achieve the effects of improved mechanical properties, strong binding force, and reduced surface polarity

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-07-14
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0035] A kind of coating method of ammonium nitrate, its specific preparation steps are:

[0036] 1) Add ammonium nitrate particles and petroleum ether to the reactor, heat and stir to disperse them in petroleum ether; the heating temperature is 50°C; the mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to petroleum ether is 1:5;

[0037] 2) adding the coating agent ethylenediamine and ethyl acetate to another reactor, so that the ethylenediamine is dissolved in ethyl acetate; the mass ratio of ethylenediamine to ethyl acetate is 1:100;

[0038] 3) Add the solution in the reactor in step 2) dropwise to the reactor in step 1), the mass ratio of ethylenediamine to ammonium nitrate is 0.002: 1, and the dropping time is 2 hours; and stir to make the ethylenediamine Diamine is precipitated in a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether, and ethylenediamine is uniformly attached to the surface of ammonium nitrate and chemically reacts with the surface of ammonium nitrate; the reaction time b...

Embodiment 2

[0055] A kind of coating method of ammonium nitrate, its concrete preparation steps are the same as embodiment 1, and wherein different is that coating agent is diethylenetriamine, and polar solvent is acetone; Table 4 is the coating nitric acid of diethylenetriamine chemical reaction type The effect of ammonium on the hygroscopicity and surface free energy of ammonium nitrate;

[0056] The reaction formula between diethylenetriamine amine and ammonium nitrate is:

[0057]

[0058] Table 4 The effect of diethylenetriamine chemical reaction coating ammonium nitrate on the hygroscopicity and surface free energy of ammonium nitrate

[0059]

[0060] The application of ammonium nitrate coated with diethylenetriamine in propellant, its specific implementation steps and formula are the same as in Example 1, the difference is that ammonium nitrate coated with ethylenediamine is changed to ammonium nitrate coated with diethylenetriamine , Table 5 is the mechanical properties of...

Embodiment 3

[0064] A kind of coating method of ammonium nitrate, its specific preparation steps are the same as embodiment 1, and wherein different is that coating agent is triethylene tetramine, and polar solvent is methanol; Table 6 is triethylene tetramine chemical reaction type coated nitric acid The effect of ammonium on the hygroscopicity and surface free energy of ammonium nitrate;

[0065] The reaction formula between triethylenetetramine and ammonium nitrate is:

[0066]

[0067] Table 6 Effect of triethylenetetramine chemical reaction coating ammonium nitrate on hygroscopicity and surface free energy of ammonium nitrate

[0068]

[0069] The application of ammonium nitrate coated with triethylenetetramine in propellant, its specific implementation steps and formula are the same as in Example 1, the difference is that ammonium nitrate coated with ethylenediamine is changed to ammonium nitrate coated with triethylenetetramine , Table 7 is the mechanical properties of the co...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an ammonium nitrate cladding method, which belongs to the technical field of ammonium nitrate surface modification and the technical field of propelling agents, in particular to a method for cladding ammonium nitrate through the chemical reaction with the surface of the ammonium nitrate and application effect of the clad ammonium nitrate to the propelling agents. The method comprises the following steps: dripping cladding agents dissolved in a polar solvent into a mixed system of ammonium nitrate particles and a non-polar solvent so that the cladding agents are attached to the surface of the ammonium nitrate and take the chemical reaction with the surface of the ammonium nitrate; then, removing the solvent and drying the materials to obtain the chemical reaction type clad ammonium nitrate; uniformly mixing the cladd ammonium nitrate and other ingredients of a propelling agent recipe in a container to obtain propelling agent medicine slurry; then, casting the propelling agent medicine slurry into a mold in vacuum; and heating and solidifying the propelling agent medicine slurry to obtain a composite propelling agent medicine block. The invention has the advantages that consumption of the cladding agents is little, the combining force with the surface of clad oxidizers is strong, the hydroscopic property of the clad ammonium nitrate is reduced, the surface polarity is reduced, and the mechanical property of the propelling agents is obviously improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for coating ammonium nitrate, which belongs to the technical field of ammonium nitrate surface modification and the technical field of propellants, and in particular relates to a method for coating ammonium nitrate by chemically reacting with the surface of ammonium nitrate, and after coating Application effect of ammonium nitrate in propellant. Background technique [0002] Ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate) has a wide range of uses. It is not only an excellent chemical fertilizer (ranking second in nitrogen fertilizer production in the world, second only to urea), but also because of its low cost and wide range of sources. Oxygen content, insensitive to mechanical impact, smokeless during combustion, clean gas without residue, etc., are widely used as oxidants for low-smoke or low-smoke industrial explosives, and are also used as gas generators with low characteristic signals and low vulnerability Oxidizers in dest...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C06D5/00C06B31/28
Inventor 李建民张旭东杨荣杰
Owner BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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