Multi-element decomposable coated slow/controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers and specifically relates to a multi-element decomposable coated slow / controlled release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The multi-element decomposable coated slow / controlled release fertilizer comprises: a, a multi-element coated slow / controlled release compound fertilizer, and b, multi-element sulfur coated slow / controlled release urea; a is prepared from nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, a compound fertilizer, sulfur, paraffin, and secondary and trace elements such as zinc, magnesium, copper, manganese and boron; b is prepared from the same raw materials of a except that the compound fertilizer is replaced by urea. The preparation method comprises the step of spraying the liquid sulfur and secondarily spraying the paraffin to carry out coating treatment, and has the characteristics of controlling the nutrient release rate, improving the fertilizer utilization rate, providing the effective nutrient sulfur to the plants to benefit the absorption of the crop, solving the technical difficulties that the traditional coated slow / controlled release fertilizer secondarily pollutes the soil and the nutrient release rate of the slow / controlled release fertilizer is identical to the crop growth fertilizer absorption rule, ensuring the content of each element and the coating thickness requirement, achieving the residual-free effect of the coating material in the soil, and lightening the labor intensity since fertilizer application is not needed.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a multi-element decomposable coated slow-controlled release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background technique: [0002] At present, the slow and controlled release fertilizers appearing in the fertilizer market mainly include the following types: stable nitrogen fertilizers containing nitrification inhibitors, organically synthesized slow release nitrogen fertilizers, polymer coated slow and controlled release fertilizers and coated slow controlled fertilizers. Release fertilizer; [0003] (1) Stable nitrogen fertilizers containing nitrification inhibitors; hydroquinone and dihydroammonia are usually used to inhibit urine enzymes and nitrification agents, and their main functions are to inhibit nitrogen loss in urea conversion and nitrification processes, and reduce leaching and denitrification processes The gaseous loss caused by nitration has a certain e...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] (1) Stable nitrogen fertilizers containing nitrification inhibitors; hydroquinone and dihydroammonia are usually used to inhibit urine enzymes and nitrification agents, and their main functions are to inhibit nitrogen loss in urea conversion and nitrification processes, and reduce leaching and denitrification processes The gaseous loss caused by nitration has a certain effect on prolonging the fertilizer effect. This kind of fertilizer has a long history of development, but it has not yet formed a leading product. The new high-efficiency nitrification inhibitor is expensive, and long-term use has adverse effects on the rhizosphere micro-ecosystem ;

[0004] (2) Organic synthesis of slightly soluble slow-release nitrogen fertilizers, which are slow-acting and long-acting fertilizers studied in the early stage, including common organic nitrogen fertilizers such as aldolide, oxamide, and isobutylidene diurea. This type of fertilizer The slow release of nutrients can effectively improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, but the rate of nutrient release is affected by various factors such as soil moisture, pH, microorganisms, etc., and the possibility of artificial regulation is small. ;

[0005] (3) Polymer-coated slow- and controlled-release fertilizer. This fertilizer has entered large-scale production, and the controlled-release effect is better. The nutrient release of fertilizer is mainly affected by temperature, and other factors are less affected. It can realize the growth period of crops. Internal one-time fertilization meets the nutritional needs of crops, significantly reduces the amount of labor and improves production efficiency, but the product is relatively high in production costs, and the market is difficult to accept. On the other hand, this product uses polymers as coating materials, and polymers It generally takes 30-50 years to degrade in the soil, so this process has the problem of secondary pollution to the soil;

[0006] (4) Inorganic packaged slow and controlled release fertilizers; for example, sulfur-coated urea is an inorganic packaged slow and controlled release fertilizer, which has the characteristics of wrapping fertilizers in fertilizers, but after being applied to the soil, it is affected by factors such as moisture, especially microorganisms, etc. It is less than the standard of slow-control fertilizers. Although the above-mentioned fertilizers can play the role of fertilizers, increasing the application of chemical fertilizers, the yield has been improved, but in addition to the joy of high yield, the problem of environmental pollution is worrying. The volatilization of effective nutrients in the soil, Leaching reduces the utilization rate of fertilizers, which not only causes a serious waste of resources, but also causes certain pollution to the ecological environment of soil and water systems; in addition, it has been cultivated over the years to only pay attention to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and not to pay attention to medium and trace amounts. The habit of fertilizing elements, the trace elements in the soil are getting less and less, resulting in the decline of soil fertility and nutrient imbalance, which has brought certain economic losses. Molybdenum deficiency in some soils, zinc deficiency in corn, boron deficiency in fruit trees, and sulfur deficiency in southern red soil make crops unable to absorb nitrogen fertilizers well; manganese deficiency in soil prevents nutrients from being smoothly transported inside crops; mid-sized crops have short plants and corn crops appear In addition, in some crops, the lack of middle and trace elements has become a factor limiting crop production and a bottleneck for crop benefits. Due to improper fertilization, eutrophication of surface water has occurred, groundwater and The content of nitrate nitrogen in vegetables exceeds the standard, the emission of nitrous oxide increases and other environmental pollution and food safety problems. Due to the comprehensive influence of fertilizer properties and soil environmental conditions, low fertilizer utilization rate is a major problem in the use of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, increasing Fertilizer utilization rate, giving full play to the comprehensive effect of fertilizers, reducing environmental pollution, and developing multi-element decomposable coated slow-release fertilizers have far-reaching significance

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