Integrated application method of fertilizer, water and air in greenhouse tomato fruit setting and harvesting period

Abstract

The invention provides a method for integrally applying fertilizers, water and gas to greenhouse tomatoes in fruit setting and harvesting periods. The method includes adding ammonium bicarbonate into electric heating reactors, delivering CO<2> and ammonia gas to acid storage barrels with diluted phosphoric acid via pipeline channels, enabling the ammonia gas to be absorbed by the diluted phosphoric acid to generate ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium monohydric phosphate mixtures, and delivering the CO<2> to canopies of the tomatoes for photosynthesis and growth of the tomatoes via hoses; adding potassium sulfate into the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium monohydric phosphate mixtures generated by reaction, adding water into the potassium sulfate and the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium monohydric phosphate mixtures to dilute the potassium sulfate and the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium monohydric phosphate mixtures so as to obtain liquid fertilizers, irrigating roots of the greenhouse tomatoes and applying the fertilizers to the roots of the greenhouse tomatoes. The CO<2> and the ammonia gas are generated after the electric heating reactors are electrified and heated. The method has the advantages that CO<2> gas fertilizers, the liquid fertilizers and the water can be simultaneously applied to the greenhouse vegetables while oxygen can be increased for root zones of the greenhouse vegetables, rapidly-available nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium fertilizers or the oxygen can be provided for the root zones of the plants while the root zones of the plants are irrigated, a good promoting effect can be realized for growth of the plants, and the method is favorable for nutritional growth and reproductive growth of the plants.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of facility agriculture, in particular to a method for integrated application of fertilizer, water and air during the fruit-setting and harvesting period of greenhouse tomatoes. Background technique [0002] Photosynthesis is the basic feature of the life activities of green plants and the material and energy basis for the growth and development of cultivated crops. Plants absorb water and inorganic salts through their roots, and use CO in the air 2 Under the irradiation of sunlight, photosynthesis produces organic matter. 85% of crop dry matter is sugar and other carbohydrates, and most of the carbon comes from CO in the air 2 , so it is the main carbon source for plant photosynthesis, CO in the air 2 The concentration directly affects the photosynthesis efficiency of crops. [0003] CO in the solar greenhouse 2 The diurnal variation range of the concentration was significantly higher than that in the open field...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] 1. Farmers in traditional soil cultivation often use large amounts of water and fertilizers or furrow irrigation under mulch to produce facility vegetables. Not only the large amount of fertilizer and water is used to cause waste of fertilizer and water, but also the yield and quality of vegetables decline after years of planting. At the same time, it is easy to cause groundwater pollution, soil salinization and hardening and soil-borne diseases occur frequently and are difficult to use

[0007] 2. Soilless cultivation of rock wool and other substrates is irrigated with nutrient solution. Because the water in the north is weakly alkaline, it is difficult to prepare, and the addition of CO 2 device, the cost is relatively high, and it is not suitable for large-scale promotion

[0008] 3. Organic ecological soilless cultivation uses solid topdressing fertilizers such as chicken manure, which requires a large labor force and is not suitable for industrial production and large-scale promotion in major vegetable production areas, and it still needs to be supplemented with CO 2 fertilization system

[0009] 4. At present, steel cylinder method, combustion method or chemical reaction method are mostly used to supplement carbon dioxide in greenhouses during winter. They have the following defects respectively: steel cylinder method has high transportation cost, less gas source, and high application cost, which is not suitable for farmers in solar greenhouses; combustion method The filtration technology is complicated, the application is difficult, and the application of CO 2 Equipment, high cost, not suitable for large-scale promotion; hanging bag or organic fertilizer application method has poor controllability and cannot be quantitatively managed; chemical method is widely used, but ammonium bicarbonate and concentrated sulfuric acid are highly corrosive, and it is difficult to treat the waste liquid after the reaction It is not standardized, and the preparation is troublesome, so that the application is limited

It can be seen that conventional CO 2 The applicator is not suitable for farmers' application, cumbersome to use, expensive and limited in source

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