A tin dioxide nanorod with controllable aspect ratio and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a tin dioxide nanorod with a controllable length / diameter ratio and a preparation method thereof. The tin dioxide nanorod has a one dimensional shape, the diameter of the tin dioxide nanorod is 5 to 50 nm, the length is 5 to 300 nm, the length / diameter ratio is 1 to 30, and the specific surface area is larger than 50 m2 / g. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing pure water and an oil phase solvent, and adding an alkali source, a tin source, and a surfactant under stirring so as to form a layered mixed solution; (2) adding the layered mixed solution into a reactor to carry out solvothermal reactions, wherein the filling rate of the reactor is 50 to 80%, the reaction temperature is 160 to 250 DEG C, and the reaction time is 12 to 36 hours; (3) after reactions, taking out the precipitates, washing, and separating to obtain the tin dioxide nanorod. Compared with the prior art, the provided tin dioxide nanorod has the advantages of large specific surface area, controllable length / diameter ratio, simple preparation technology, low cost, and massive production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of preparation of nano tin dioxide, in particular to a tin dioxide nanorod with controllable aspect ratio and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] SnO 2 It is a stable wide-bandgap semiconductor material (band gap of 3.6eV), which has high exciton binding energy, fast electron mobility and high visible light transmittance. It is used in transparent conductive materials, field emission devices, gas sensors , Li-ion batteries, solar cells and photocatalysis have attractive application prospects, so the synthesis of tin dioxide nanomaterials with controllable size, shape and structure is of great significance. [0003] Conventional synthesis of SnO 2 The process route of nanomaterials is to use pure water or water / alcohol mixed solvent to react. In such a homogeneous reaction system, the hydrolyzed tin tetrachloride homogeneously nucleates to form granular nanocrystals. When the temperature rise...

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Problems solved by technology

Synthesis of one-dimensional SnO 2 There are not many research reports on nanorods, and there are gas phase and wet chemical methods reported in the literature. For example, patent ZL 200610029008.6 discloses a gas phase synthesis of SnO 2 The process route of nanorods, but the process of this method is cumbersome and requires high equipment requirements; Zhang et al. used the inverse microemulsion-solvothermal method to prepare SnO with a diameter of 8-15 nm and a length of 150-200 nm. 2 Nanorod clusters (Zhang Dongfeng, et al. Adv. Mater., 2003, 15, 1022-1025), but the nanorods they prepared had poor dispersion and gathered together to form a nanoflower structure; Chen et al. Synthesized SnO with better dispersion 2 Nanorods, the average diameter of nanorods is about 3.4 nanometers, and the length is about 17 nanometers (Chen Bin, et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2004, 126, 5972-5973), but tin The concentration of the source is very low, only 0.001 molar, so the obtained SnO 2 Nanorod yields are low

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