Method for recovering lithium from waste lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of solid waste recovery treatment, and specifically discloses a method for recovering lithium from waste lithium ion batteries. The method comprises the following steps: (1) detaching the waste lithium ion batteries to obtain a battery powder; (2) dissolving the battery powder with an acid to obtain a dissolution liquid; (3) extracting non-ferrous metals from the dissolution liquid to obtain a lithium-containing feed liquid; (4) obtaining a lithium salt reverse-extraction liquid from the lithium-containing feed liquid through the steps of pH adjustment, extraction, washing and reverse extraction; and (5) obtaining an anhydrous lithium salt from the lithium salt reverse-extraction liquid through oil removal, evaporation, cooling crystallization, filtering and drying. Recovery for lithium in the waste lithium ion batteries is carried out through applying the method disclosed by the invention; the problems of complex process and high operation difficulty in an existing recovery technology are effectively overcome; the extraction recovery rate of lithium can achieve more than 99.5%; the content of lithium carbonate precipitate products obtained through the recovery can achieve more than 99.2%, and the standards of GB / T11075-2013 industrial-grade products or YS / T582-2013 battery-grade products are achieved; and the recovery rate is high, and the recovered lithium products are high in quality.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of solid waste recovery and treatment, and in particular relates to a method for recovering lithium from waste lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the development of new energy technology, the application of lithium-ion batteries in China has been greatly developed, and more and more battery wastes are produced, and waste lithium-ion batteries contain copper, manganese, iron, aluminum, nickel, cobalt , lithium and other metals. At present, the number of waste lithium-ion batteries is increasing day by day, and the available lithium cobalt oxide materials are discarded in large quantities, which brings major hidden dangers to environmental governance. [0003] At present, waste lithium-ion batteries have been recycled to a certain extent in China. The recycling process is as follows: waste lithium-ion batteries are disassembled to obtain battery powder, sulfuric acid dissolves ba...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] There are three defects and deficiencies in the application of precipitation to recycle lithium ions: one is that excessive fluoride or phosphate ions in sodium fluoride or sodium phosphate belong to environmental pollution factors, and need to be added to lime water for neutralization, and will produce A large amount of calcium fluoride or calcium phosphate precipitation waste residue forms the second pollution to the environment; second, the precipitation method needs to repeatedly use the "precipitation + solid-liquid separation + washing" process, the operation is complicated, and the amount of sodium fluoride or sodium phosphate is large , the cost is high; the third is to use sodium fluoride or sodium phosphate to precipitate lithium ions, the reaction temperature and reaction pH range for generating precipitation are small, the precipitation is incomplete, and the mother liquor after precipitation still contains a certain concentration of lithium ions, and the recovery rate is low , a large waste of resources