Method for preparing nano-copper through ultrasonic liquid phase reduction

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing nano-copper through ultrasonic liquid phase reduction, and belongs to the technical field of nano-materials. According to the method, under the ultrasonic reaction condition, copper nitrate serves as a copper source, ascorbic acid serves as a reducing agent, ethyl alcohol serves as an organic solvent, polyvinylpyrrolidone serves as a protective agent, and the nano-copper is prepared through liquid phase reduction. The nano-copper prepared through the method is narrow in nano-copper particle size distribution scope, good in dispersibility and stability, high in safety and capable of being applied to the fields of medicines, foods, feed and the like. In addition, the method is simple in production process, low in production cost and environment-friendly, facilities large-scale production, has the important economical and social significance, and is wide in development prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nanometer materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing nanometer copper by ultrasonic liquid phase reduction. Background technique [0002] Nanomaterials refer to materials that have at least one dimension in the three-dimensional space in the nanoscale range (1-100nm) or are composed of them as basic constituent units. When normal matter is processed to an extremely fine nanoscale, specific small size effects, surface effects, quantum size effects, and macroscopic quantum tunnel effects will appear, so it will show specific physical and chemical properties such as light, magnetism, and electricity. . As an important industrial raw material, nano-copper can greatly reduce the cost in the preparation of conductive materials, high-efficiency catalysts, lubricating oil additives and antibacterial agents instead of precious metal silver, and has broad application prospects. Therefore, in r...

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Problems solved by technology

The particle size of the nanomaterials prepared by the solid phase method is large, and impurities are easily introduced during the mechanical operation process; the plasma method has a high preparation temperature and a fast reaction rate, and can obtain uniform and small-particle nanopowders, which is easy to realize mass production. However, the energy utilization rate of this method is low, and the stability of the product is poor; the preparation process of the gamma-ray method is simple, easy to operate, can be carried out under normal temperature and pressure, and can be scaled up. Divalent copper is reduced step by step to elemental metal copper particles; the deposition method requires high equipment, and the equipment is expensive and inconvenient to operate; the microemulsion method can prepare products with uniform size and shape, but the removal of the surfactant on the surface of the product requires harsh conditions and a large amount of detergent, the production cost is high and it is easy to pollute the environment; the reaction process of the chemical precipitation method is simple, easy to popularize and industrialized production, but the composition of the solid solution precipitate is quite limited. If you want to get the product micropowder, you must pay attention to the solution The composition control and the management of the precipitation composition increase the cost relatively; the electrolysis method produces high purity, but the particle size is large and the shape is irregular; most of the reducing agents used in the liquid phase reduction method have toxic side effects, and may cause pollution to the environment if used carelessly. Such as hydrazine hydrate, sodium borohydride, formaldehyde and hydroxylamine hydrochloride are harmful to the human body.