Fresh water air guarantee system for submarine and method of system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fresh water air guarantee system for a submarine and a method of the system. The system is coupled with a seawater desalinization device, an oxygen generation device with electrolyzed water and a carbon dioxide capture and removal device to realize a function of simultaneously providing fresh water and regenerated air to a closed cabin of the submarine. An electrolyzed water method of solid oxide has higher efficiency compared with a low-temperature electrolyzed water method adopted by the current submarine. The system adopts a method for converting CO2 in air into fixed carbon by combining a molten carbonate fuel cell with a catalytic reduction reaction, the CO2 concentration in the submarine can be effectively controlled; the byproduct hydrogen generated by oxygen generation with the electrolyzed water is taken as a fuel of a fuel cell and a reducing agent of a catalytic reactor, is digested and utilized in the system, does not need to be discharged out of an outboard of the submarine at a proper time, so that the potential safety hazards of the submarine is reduced. The method has the characteristics of high integration, reliable operation, long servicelife, advanced technology, high safety, energy conservation and the like, and has a good application prospect for the submarine life guarantee system.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination and air conditioning regeneration, and in particular relates to a freshwater air protection system for submarines and a method thereof. Background technique [0002] Submarines are an important weapon of our navy. Since the submarine operates underwater, it is necessary to ensure that there is enough drinking water and oxygen in the airtight cabin, and reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide to a minimum, so as to ensure the safety of the personnel in the submarine. The drinking water in submarines generally comes from seawater desalination devices. Currently, the commonly used seawater desalination methods are mainly distillation and reverse osmosis. Distillation requires an external heating source and requires high energy consumption. Reverse osmosis has a simple process and low energy consumption. Since the deep sea water itself has a certain pressure and is non-polluting, it ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Regenerative agents are dangerous goods and difficult to store, so they are not suitable for long-term use. Oxygen candle method and high-pressure oxygen cylinder method can only be used as short-term oxygen supply equipment. Only electrolytic water method can meet long-term oxygen supply. Guaranteed oxygen supply

The water electrolysis method consumes a large amount of electric energy, and improper handling of the by-product hydrogen may easily cause an explosion in the cabin. Although the hydrogen can be discharged outboard with the help of a compressor, this method directly causes double losses of energy consumption and waste, which is not advisable. Therefore, how to reduce Small energy consumption and proper handling of hydrogen are the problems that need to be solved for submarines to use electrolysis of water to produce oxygen

At present, there are three types of electrolytic cells used in the electrolytic water method: alkaline electrolytic cells, polymer film electrolytic cells, and solid oxide electrolytic cells. The first two belong to low-temperature electrolysis, and the latter belongs to high-temperature electrolysis. High-temperature electrolysis has advantages compared with low-temperature electrolysis Higher efficiency, but it needs to use high-temperature water vapor at 600-1000°C, which has higher requirements on the outside world. At present, the electrolysis water method for submarines in various countries adopts low-temperature electrolysis, and is changing from alkaline electrolysis cell technology to polymer film electrolysis cell technology development, but research on the use of solid oxide electrolytic cells in submarines has not yet been reported

The carbon dioxide treatment system should include two links of carbon dioxide capture and carbon dioxide removal. The absorption method and adsorption method are generally used to capture carbon dioxide from the air. The absorption method is easy to cause corrosion to the equipment, the amount of absorbent is large, the price is expensive, and the operating cost Higher disadvantages, the adsorption method has disadvantages such as small adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, weak adsorption capacity, complicated equipment, and difficult operation, while the use of membrane separation technology combined with the working principle of molten carbonate fuel cells for carbon dioxide capture and transfer is a kind of A new method worth developing, which can avoid the disadvantages of absorption and adsorption methods. At the same time, the fuel cell uses hydrogen as fuel, which is convenient to combine with the electrolysis of water

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