Humic acid-derived conductive foams and devices

A humic acid and foam technology, applied in the field of foam devices, can solve the problems of impractical, expensive, long intercalation and oxidation time in industrial scale production

Active Publication Date: 2019-05-24
NANOTEK INSTR
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0014] (2) The chemical treatment process requires a long intercalation and oxidation time, typically 5 hours to 5 days
[0016] (4) Thermal expansion requires high temperature (typically 800°C-1,200°C) and is therefore a highly energy-consuming process
[0017] (5) Both heat- and solution-induced puffing methods require very tedious washing and purification steps
There are several major problems associated with this method: (a) the high pressure requirement makes it an impractical method for industrial scale

Method used

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  • Humic acid-derived conductive foams and devices
  • Humic acid-derived conductive foams and devices
  • Humic acid-derived conductive foams and devices

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

[0156] Example 1: Humic and reduced humic acids from weathered lignite

[0157] Humic acids can be extracted from weathered lignite with very high yields (in the range of 75%) by dispersing the weathered lignite in an alkaline aqueous solution (pH 10). Subsequent acidification of the solution resulted in the precipitation of humic acid powder. In one experiment, 300 ml of 1M KOH (or NH 4 OH) solution twice deionized water to dissolve 3g of weathered lignite. Adjust the pH to 10. The solution is then filtered to remove any large particles or any residual impurities. The resulting humic acid dispersions containing HC alone or in the presence of a blowing agent were cast onto glass substrates to form a series of films for subsequent heat treatment.

[0158] In some samples, a chemical blowing agent (hydrazonodicarboxamide) was added to the suspension just before casting. The resulting suspension was then cast onto a glass surface using a doctor blade to apply shear stress, c...

example 2

[0160] Example 2: Various blowing agents and methods of forming cells (generating air bubbles)

[0161] In plastics processing, chemical blowing agents are mixed into plastic pellets in powder or pellet form and dissolved at elevated temperatures. Above a certain temperature specified for the dissolution of the blowing agent, gaseous reaction products (usually nitrogen or CO 2 ), which acts as a blowing agent. However, chemical blowing agents are not soluble in graphene materials, which are solids rather than liquids. This presents a challenge for generating pores, or cells, in graphene materials using chemical blowing agents.

[0162] After extensive experimentation, we found that almost any chemical blowing agent (eg in powder or pellet form) can be used to generate pores or bubbles in the dry graphene layer when the first heat treatment temperature is sufficient to activate the blowing reaction. A chemical blowing agent (powder or pellets) can be dispersed in a liquid me...

example 3

[0167] Example 3: Preparation of Humic Acid from Coal

[0168] In a typical procedure, 300mg of coal was suspended in concentrated sulfuric acid (60ml) and nitric acid (20ml) and followed by cup sonication for 2h. The reaction was then stirred and heated in an oil bath at 100°C or 120°C for 24h. The solution was cooled to room temperature and poured into a beaker containing 100 ml of ice, followed by the addition of NaOH (3M) until pH 7 was reached.

[0169] In one experiment, the neutral mixture was then filtered through a 0.45-mm polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, and the filtrate was dialyzed in a 1,000 Da dialysis bag for 5 days. For larger humic acid tablets, the time can be shortened to 1 h to 2 h using cross-flow ultrafiltration. After purification, the solution was concentrated using rotary evaporation to obtain solid humic acid flakes. These individual humic acid flakes and their mixtures with blowing agents were redispersed in solvents (ethylene glycol and alcohol,...

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Abstract

A humic acid-derived foam composed of multiple pores and pore walls, wherein the pore walls contain single-layer or few-layer humic acid-derived hexagonal carbon atomic planes or sheets, the few-layerhexagonal carbon atomic planes or sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked hexagonal carbon atomic planes having an inter-planar spacing d002#191 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction,and the single-layer or few-layer hexagonal carbon atomic planes contain 0.01% to 25% by weight of non-carbon elements, and wherein the humic acid is selected from oxidized humic acid, reduced humicacid, fluorinated humic acid, chlorinated humic acid, brominated humic acid, iodized humic acid, hydrogenated humic acid, nitrogenated humic acid, doped humic acid, chemically functionalized humic acid, or a combination thereof.

Description

[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] This application claims priority to US Patent Application No. 15 / 251,841, filed August 30, 2016, and US Patent Application No. 15 / 251,849, filed August 30, 2016, which are hereby incorporated by reference. technical field [0003] The present invention relates generally to the field of carbon / graphite foams, and more particularly to a new form of humic acid-derived conductive foam, devices containing such humic acid-derived foam, and methods for its production. Background technique [0004] Carbon is known to have five unique crystal structures, including diamond, fullerene (0-D nanographite material), carbon nanotube or carbon nanofiber (1-D nanographite material), graphene (2-D nanographite material), and graphite (3-D graphite material). All of these materials, except fullerenes, can be made into foam structures. [0005] Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) refer to tubular structures grown with single or multiple walls. Car...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B32B5/18C01B32/182C01B32/184B82Y40/00B05D1/36B05D1/40C08G101/00
CPCB32B5/18B82Y40/00H01B1/00H01B1/04C01B32/05B82Y30/00C08H6/00Y02A20/204B01D17/0202C04B35/52C04B35/62218C04B38/0051C04B38/0067C04B38/02H05K7/2039C04B2235/48C04B2235/96
Inventor 阿茹娜·扎姆张博增
Owner NANOTEK INSTR
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