Porous hydrogel film for extracting uranium from seawater and preparation method of porous hydrogen film

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous hydrogel film for extracting uranium from seawater. The preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing hydroxylamine hydrochloride, N-N dimethylformamide, sodium carbonate and polyacrylonitrile according to a certain proportion, and heating the mixture to carry out oximation reaction to obtain amidoximated polyacrylonitrile sol; dropwise adding the amidoximated polyacrylonitrile sol onto a glass substrate by using a dropper, carrying out scraping and coating to enable the amidoximated polyacrylonitrile sol to be uniformly laid on the substrate, then soaking and forming in water, separating the film by using tweezers, cleaning the film by using water for several times, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain aporous hydrogel film; and soaking the porous hydrogel film material in an alkaline solution to obtain the porous hydrogel film for extracting the uranium from the seawater. The method disclosed by theinvention has the characteristics that the process is simple, the film is formed easily and is high in separation speed, the prepared film material has ultra-high hydrophilicity, large specific surface area and high porosity, the adsorption rate on uranyl ions is high, and the adsorption rate can reach up to 375 mg / g.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of material preparation, in particular to a porous hydrogel film for extracting uranium from seawater and a simple preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The shortage of fossil fuels and environmental pollution have made mankind face enormous challenges in terms of energy, and nuclear power has become a new energy source to solve this problem. A continuous and reliable supply of uranium is essential for the sustainable development of nuclear technology, for which uranium is a basic material. It is estimated that the uranium content in seawater is about 4.5 billion tons, which is about 1000 times higher than that of land ores. However, due to the low concentration of uranium in seawater (3-4ppb) and the competition of other coexisting metal ions, it is difficult to adsorb uranium in seawater. Therefore, it is necessary to develop uranium adsorption materials with high adsorption capacity and simple ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, amidoxime-based uranium extraction materials are generally nanofibers and hydrogels. For example, the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences discloses a preparation method for chelating fiber adsorbents for uranium extraction from seawater (patent number: 201210076705.2). Specific equipment is irradiated and cross-linked, and then grafted and polymerized to obtain a chelated fiber adsorbent; the Shanghai Advanced Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences discloses a nanofibrous membrane and membrane adsorption module for extracting uranium from seawater brine and its application (patent number: 201510439888.3). Uranium-extracting nanofibrous membranes were obtained by ammoximation after electrospinning with specific equipment; Hainan University disclosed a semi-interpenetrating network hydrogel film material and preparation method for seawater uranium extraction (patent number: 201910103705.9) by adding monomers , photoinitiator and cross-linking agent are polymerized under light to obtain hydrogel materials. The first two processes are relatively complicated and the equipment cost is high; the latter needs to add a variety of additives and needs to be prepared under specific light, which is difficult to quickly Obtain batches of uranium extraction materials

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