Manufacturing method of myocardial infarction model in rats

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick manufacturing method of a myocardial infarction model in rats. After a rat is subjected to induced anesthesia, a breath facial mask can continuously perform anesthesia,blunt separation on pectoralis major muscle and pectoral minor muscle of left front chest is carried out, and a thoracic cavity is opened between a third rib and a fourth rib; through circulating andcooperative operation of a thumb, an index and a middle finger of an operator, a free end of a heart of the rat is extruded out of the chest cavity and then left ventricular anterior descending artery is ligated. By adopting the method, the myocardial infarction model in the rats is manufactured, endotracheal intubation is not carried out, and the time for surgery is 30 seconds to 60 seconds, thechest cavity opening time is 15 seconds to 30 seconds, the air of the chest cavity is squeezed manually through operation of the operator when the chest is closed, the negative pressure of the chestcavity is maintained, spontaneous breathing of the rat cannot be affected, aerothorax and difficulty breathing are avoided, the rat is out of the anesthesia for 50 seconds to 90 seconds after the surgerey, and then inhibition of a central nervous system can be released; and a success ratio of the myocardial infarction model is high, and a death ratio is low. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the manufacturing time of the myocardial infarction model in the rats is shortened, and the experimental efficiency during massive using of the myocardial infarction model in the rats isimproved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal experiments, and in particular relates to a rapid production method of a mouse myocardial infarction model. Background technique [0002] Myocardial infarction is the most critical event in cardiovascular diseases. It is an important research direction in the field of cardiovascular diseases for researchers to study the etiology, pathology and other pathogenesis of myocardial infarction and to develop new treatment methods and drugs. In cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and heart failure Animal myocardial infarction models are widely used in basic research and stem cell transplantation in the treatment of ischemic heart disease. The animals that can be used in the production of animal myocardial infarction models include monkeys, pigs, dogs, rabbits, rats, mice and other animals. Among them, the mouse has strong reproductive ability, easy to raise, low price, takes up less space...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The methods for making the mouse myocardial infarction model include drug method, minimally invasive method, electrical stimulation method, electrocoagulation cautery method, freezing method, left ventricular anterior descending artery ligation method; the drug method is intravenous infusion of isoproterenol or Intraperitoneally injected into mice, the coronary artery spasm is induced by the drug to promote myocardial infarction, but due to the wide range of effects of the drug, the dose used, and the individual's sensitivity to the drug, the infarction caused by this method is often more diffuse. , the pathological change process of the prepared myocardial infarction model is also different from the pathological change process of myocardial infarction, which is not convenient for the later evaluation of myocardial infarction size, and the reliability of this method is relatively low and has been seldom used; The innovative method is to inject the gelatin sponge embolus into the distal end of the left anterior descending coronary artery with diatrizoate meglumine through the angiography tube on the basis of the coronary angiography of the animals, so as to complete the embolization of the model. The interventional operation is extremely difficult, and the experimental cost is high, so this method is not suitable for use; the electrical stimulation method is to cut open the thorax to expose the heart with the assistance of an animal ventilator, and use a controllable micro-current to stimulate the vascular adventitia, resulting in damage to the vascular intima. Activation of platelets induces the coagulation process to form a thrombus leading to myocardial infarction. Because the thrombus produced is poorly controllable and causes thrombus to occur in other parts, there are many complications. The electrocoagulation cautery method is to cut open the chest to expose the heart with the assistance of an animal ventilator. The electrocautery electrode of the high-frequency knife cauterizes the deep part of the anterior descending branch of the left ventricle to cause myocardial infarction. This method is due to myocardial injury and necrosis caused by ultra-high temperature conditions, not myocardial ischemic necrosis. The modeling process is consistent with myocardial infarction. There are great differences in the natural pathogenesis of infarction. The inflammatory reaction in the cauterized area is relatively strong, and the post-treatment steps are complicated. Because the thoracic opening of the mouse is small, the heartbeat of the mouse is fast, and the operation is difficult; the freezing method is assisted by an animal ventilator. , cut open the thorax to expose the heart, put the metal rod in liquid nitrogen for a few minutes and take it out, the top of the metal rod touches the anterior descending branch of the mouse, causing the freezing injury of the anterior descending branch, blocking the blood flow and forming myocardial infarction, this method requires thoracotomy The wound is large and the inflammatory reaction is strong. In order to achieve the freezing effect, it is often necessary to freeze repeatedly, which takes a long time. The degree of freezing and the range of freezing are different, resulting in poor consistency of the myocardial infarction model. out of order

[0004] The ligation of the left ventricular anterior descending artery is the most commonly used method for modeling myocardial infarction in current experiments. This method can directly cause left ventricular anterior descending artery blockage, the test period is short, and the damage to the myocardium after infarction can be observed. The existing operation The method is to intubate the mouse through the orotrachea after anesthesia, mechanically assist ventilation, and ligate the anterior descending branch of the left ventricle under visual inspection after thoracotomy. The tightness between the tube and the trachea wall is poor, the ventilation efficiency is low, and the operation takes a long time. After the thoracotomy of the mouse, in order to ensure a high survival rate of the follow-up mice, the chest opening is small and the operating field of view is small. The number of times the mouse heart beats in the thoracic cavity exceeds 400 times Every minute, the accuracy of needle insertion to ligate the left anterior descending branch of the left ventricle is low, time-consuming and laborious, and it is very easy to puncture into the ventricle and atrium, causing massive bleeding and death. During mechanical ventilation, the expansion of the lungs on both sides can reach the surgical operation area of ​​the chest opening. Needling can easily cause lung injury and lead to subsequent pneumothorax death in mice. This method of ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left ventricle under direct vision after thoracotomy using a ventilator to assist breathing completes the production of a mouse model of myocardial infarction The time required is 40-90 minutes. The use of intramuscular or intraperitoneal injection of anesthesia requires the anesthesia of the mouse to last for at least 90 minutes. The use of anesthesia injection for a long time keeps the mouse in an anesthesia state, which seriously inhibits the mouse central nervous system and affects the coronary artery. The state of arterial blood flow, unable to wake up immediately after the operation, and the body temperature is too low, eventually leading to the death of mice. When the myocardial infarction model is made by this method, the success rate of myocardial infarction is low and the mortality rate of mice is high, which seriously affects the speed and efficiency of experimental research. ; In order to solve this problem, there is an urgent need for a method for quickly making a mouse myocardial infarction model, which can optimize the operation process, reduce operation time, improve the success rate of the myocardial infarction model, and reduce the mortality rate of mice. Some researchers used the heart extrusion method to make Mouse myocardial infarction model, but due to lack of mastery of the operation method and reasonable optimization of the production process, the success rate of the mouse myocardial infarction model is low and the mortality rate is high

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