Non-noble metal modified platinum-based catalyst for fuel cell and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a trace non-noble metal modified platinum-based catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst can be used as a low-temperature fuel cell catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: reducing platinum and non-noble metal precursors by taking high-viscosity alcohols such as ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol and the like as solventsand stabilizers and strong reducing agents such as hydrazine hydrate, tetrabutyl borohydride, citric acid, ascorbic acid and the like, and carrying out acid etching treatment to obtain the supported superfine platinum-based alloy nanoparticles containing trace non-noble metals and platinum shell structures. The preparation method adopted by the invention is simple and effective, and is expected torealize batch production. Furthermore, based on the unique structural characteristics of the obtained catalyst, ultra-small catalyst particle size, uniform particle size distribution, trace stabilized non-noble metal modification and a plurality of layers of Pt shell structures are included, excellent catalytic activity and cycling stability on the oxygen reduction reaction of the cathode of thefuel cell are achieved, the use amount of platinum can be effectively reduced, and potential application prospect in the low-temperature fuel cell is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a platinum-based catalyst modified with a trace amount of non-noble metal used in fuel cells. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has the advantages of high power density, high energy efficiency, fast start-up speed and low environmental pollution. It is an ideal clean energy source and has broad application prospects in the fields of stationary power stations and transportation. However, due to the slow kinetic rate of the fuel cell cathode oxygen reduction reaction, the performance of the fuel cell is restricted to a certain extent, so an effective electrochemical catalyst is needed to accelerate this process. The widely used catalyst is the carbon-supported Pt nanoparticle catalyst (Pt / C). However, as we all know, Pt, as a rare and precious metal, has limited reserves on the earth and is expensive, resulting in high cost of fuel cells, which seri...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the above-mentioned Pt alloy catalyst can improve the catalytic performance of oxygen reduction, its preparation process is complicated and the energy consumption is high, which is not conducive to industrial production.

In addition, under fuel cell conditions, the dissolution of transition metals will cause attenuation of catalyst activity and degradation of the membrane, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the actual PEMFC.

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