33 results about "Kinetic rate" patented technology

A high kinetics rate electrochemical cell in which at least one of the electrodes is composed of a mesostructural electroactive material comprising nanoparticles forming a three-dimensional framework structure of mesoporous texture having a bicontinuous junction of large specific surface area with the electrolyte. A low temperature method of preparation of the electrodes employs a high-speed deposition of the electrically active material in the form of a thin film. The application of said electrodes in high power lithium ion insertion batteries, photovoltaic cells, supercapacitors and fast electrochromic devices is disclosed.

The invention disclose a method for analyzing dynamic transferred water quality based on a fugacity theory, relating to a water quality analysis method, and solving the problem of larger deviation between a simulated result and an actual condition caused by actually unobtainable required parameters and randomly non-modifiable inner parameters in a traditional water quality analysis method. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, confirming environment facies of a water area to be detected and acquiring geographic information parameters of the water area to be detected, environmental parameters of various environment and materialization parameters of a target pollutant; then computing fugacity capacity of each environmental facies, speed constant of reaction dynamics and transfer parameters among each environmental face; then establishing a system of differential equation by taking the fugacity of each environmental face as an unknown and solving the system of differential equation through a Runge-Kutta algorithm to obtain the fugacity of each environmental face; and calculating out pollutant concentration by the fugacity of each environmental facies and the fugacity capacity. The invention overcomes defects of the prior art, and can be applied to the field of analyzing transferring transformation of organic pollutants in the water area and distribution law of multi-medium environment.

The invention discloses a non-noble metal oxygen evolution catalyst CuNiS2 with high activity, high stability and controllable shape, and discloses a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is prepared by a method for high-temperature thermal injection, the operation is simple, and the aim of controllable synthesis of the shapes of nano particles is fulfilled. According to the preparation method, on the basis of a synthesized CuS nano hexagon, a nickel source is added into the system, so that a nano sheet CuNiS2 with an irregular edge structure is synthesized; therefore, the relative specific surface area of the catalyst system is enlarged; due to the special irregular edge structure, the oxygen evolution material has a large quantity of active sites, and metal nickel is extremely high in conductivity, so that the conductivity of the whole system is improved, the kinetic rate of electronic transmission is increased, and the activity of the material is enhanced.

An aspect provides a method of determining a concentration of free chlorine in an aqueous sample, including adding a reagent to the sample, the reagent being reactive with the free chlorine at a first kinetic rate and reactive with at least one chloramine at a second kinetic rate, the first kinetic rate being different from the second kinetic rate; measuring an absorbance response over time resulting from reaction of the free chlorine and the at least one chloramine with the reagent over time; and determining the concentration of the free chlorine in the sample based on a determined rate of change of the absorbance response over time. Other aspects are described and claimed.

A method for obtaining the binding kinetic rate constants using fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) sensor, suitable for a test solution with two or more concentrations, which employs the following major steps: providing one FOPPR sensor instrument system, obtaining optical time-resolved signal intensities starting at the initial time to the steady state of the two or more regions, substituting the measured signal intensity values into the formula which is derived by using the pseudo-first order rate equation model. In addition, this method measures the temporal signal intensity evolution under static conditions as the samples are quickly loaded. As a result, unlike the conventional device where the sample is continuously infused, the method is able to measure the association and dissociation rate constants of which the upper bounds are not limited by the sample flow rate.

The invention discloses a normal-temperature ion exchange preparation method for an Ag2WO4 photocatalyst. According to the invention, AgNO3 is used as a salt source; the dual effects that Na2WO4 can provide both WO4<2-> ions and generate alkaline OH<-> thorugh hydrolysis are ingeniously utilized; and the crystal phase purity, morphology, microstructure and photocatalytic activity of an Ag2WO4 sample are changed by adjusting a raw material molar ratio of AgNO3 to Na2WO4. Results show that compared with a sample with a raw material ratio of an iso-stoichiometric ratio, the product with a AgNO3-to-Na2WO4 molar ratio in a range of 1: 0.25 to 1: 5 is obviously improved in the performance of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants; the Ag2WO4 photocatalyst has optimal photocatalysis performance when a stoichiometric ratio of 1: 4; and the pseudo first-order kinetic speed constant k of the Ag2WO4 photocatalyst is 21.8 times higher than the pseudo first-order kinetic speed constant kof the sample with the raw material ratio of the iso-stoichiometric ratio. The results of mechanism analysis show that the light absorption range of the Ag2WO4 nanorod cluster is red-shifted, which indicates that the utilization of solar energy is increased; and at the same time, fluorescence intensity is decreased, which indicates that the separation efficiency of carriers is improved.

The hydrated catalytic coating is a coating that is applied to a substrate or target structure in the path of a broad spectrum ultraviolet light in the 100 nm to 300 nm range to decompose ozone. The coating is particularly useful in conjunction with germicidal UV lamps emitting UV radiation at 185 nm and 254 nm. The coating is a combination of a hydrophilic agent and the following metals: titanium dioxide (TiO₂); silver (Ag); copper (Cu); nickel (Ni); and rhodium (Rh). At least three of the five metals are present as particles in the 50-100 nm range. The nanosize particles increase the surface area of the catalyst, improving the kinetic rate of reaction and the total reduction in ozone concentration. The particular mixture of catalytic metals and absorbed water also results in reaction products that have antimicrobial effect, including hydroxyl radicals and ions, superoxides, hydro peroxides and ozonide ions.

A method for estimating binding kinetic rate constants by using a fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) sensor mainly employs the steps of: providing a FOPPR sensor instrument system, obtaining optical signal intensities at an initial time and steady state signal intensities of first and second regions in an intensity versus time graph separately, substituting the measured signal intensity values into a formula derived by using a pseudo-first order rate equation model. According to this method, no fluorophore labeling is required. In addition, this method measures a temporal signal intensity evolution under static conditions as the samples are quickly loaded. As a result, unlike the conventional device where the sample is continuously infused, the method is able to measure binding and decomposition rate constants whose upper limit is not limited by a sample flow rate.

The present invention relates to a method for estimation of kinetic characteristics for the formation and dissociation of a complex using lateral flow. The present invention facilitates an easy to use method with high accuracy.

The invention relates to an affinity chromatography-based method for measuring a dissociation rate constant, and especially aims at relatively extensive and relatively weak supramolecular interaction. The affinity chromatography-based method is a method for firstly fixing a host molecule and then measuring the host molecule, and comprises the following steps: under a certain temperature condition and at various flow rates, respectively acquiring chromatography flow curves of a first to-be-analyzed guest molecule and a second to-be-analyzed guest molecule on an affinity chromatography column which is bonded with a target host molecule, calculating retention time, half peak width and tower plate height by peak fitting, and calculating the dissociation rate constant. According to the method disclosed by the invention, special apparatus and equipment are not needed, and a normal chromatographic analysis method is adopted, so that the dynamic speed constant of the supramolecular weak interaction can be measured; meanwhile, the method can be combined with various detectors of ultraviolet rays, fluorescence, mass spectrum and the like to achieve unique advantages in detection of low-concentration drugs with poor water solubility as well as low-cost and quick measurement of supramolecular interaction dynamic parameters.

A method of lowered NOx combustion is taught wherein the kinetic rate of NOx formation is reduced for a given combustion temperature in a gas turbine combustor. A supply of fuel is provided along with a supply of ambient air in sufficient quantity to form a fuel/air mixture having an equivalence ratio greater than about 0.55 when mixed with the fuel. The fuel/air mixture is mixed with a supply of cooled combustion gases in sufficient quantity such that the oxygen content of the resulting air mixture is less than about 18 percent. The resulting air mixture is then passed into the combustor.

Methods involving the use of mathematical models of competitive ligand-receptor binding to characterize mixtures of ligands in terms of compositions and properties of the component ligands have been developed. The associated mathematical equations explicitly relate component ligand physical-chemical properties and mole fractions to measurable properties of the mixture including steady state binding activity, 1/K_d,apparent or equivalently 1/EC50, and kinetic rate constants k_on,apparent and k_off,apparent allowing; 1) component ligand physical property determination and 2) mixture property predictions. Additionally, mathematical equations accounting for combinatorial considerations associated with ligand assembly are used to compute ligand mole fractions. The utility of the methods developed is demonstrated using published experimental ligand-receptor binding data obtained from mixtures of afucosylated antibodies that bind FcγRIIIa (CD16a) to: 1) extract component ligand physical property information that has hitherto evaded researchers 2) predict experimental observations and 3) provide explanations for unresolved experimental observations.

The invention discloses a method and system for determining dissociation rate constant based on affinity chromatography, and belongs to the technical field of affinity chromatography. The method comprises the following steps: S1, taking a proper amount of meloxicam reference substances, adding methanol to prepare 0.25 mg/mL of a meloxicam stock solution, taking a proper amount of the meloxicam stock solution, and diluting with a mobile phase to obtain 2.5 mu g/mL of a meloxicam test substance solution for later use; S2, taking a proper amount of an acetaminophen reference substances, adding methanol to prepare 1.2 mg/mL of an acetaminophen stock solution, taking a proper amount of the acetaminophen stock solution, and diluting with a mobile phase to obtain 0.45 mu g/mL of an acetaminophentest substance solution for later use; and S3, taking a proper amount of uracil reference substances. The kinetic rate constant of supramolecular weak interaction can be measured by using a conventional chromatographic analysis method, and the method and system for determining the dissociation rate constant based on affinity chromatography have unique advantages in the aspects of detection of drugs with low concentration and poor water solubility and low-cost and rapid determination of supramolecular interaction kinetic parameters.