845 results about "Solid oxide fuel cell" patented technology

The invention discloses a gas-heat-electricity balance management and control method and system for a kilowatt-level SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) cogeneration system, and belongs to the field of solid oxide fuel cells. The method comprises the following steps: setting initial operation parameters according to structure parameters and design working conditions of an SOFC electric pile, a heat exchanger, a reformer and a catalytic burner; a module start-stop coordination instruction is generated through the integrated controller, and temperature and pressure changes of all the modules in the start-stop process are controlled; system operation data are monitored in real time through a sensor, real-time diagnosis is conducted through a multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm, and abnormal states such as over-burning, over-air and temperature runaway are recognized; and according to the diagnosis result, the fuel flow, the air flow, the heat exchange power and the like are adjusted through a multivariable dynamic regulation and control strategy, so that reactor temperature fluctuation is controlled, and a temperature runaway early warning signal is generated. According to the method, the overall stability and efficiency of the SOFC combined heat and power system are improved by optimizing gas-heat-power balance management and control.

The invention discloses an A-site high-entropy solid oxide fuel cell cathode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and provides an A-site high-entropy solid oxide fuel cell cathode material Pr < 0.2 > M < 0.2 > La < 0.2 > Ba < 0.2 > Sr < 0.2 > Co < 0.8 > Fe < 0.2 > O < 3-delta > with a perovskite phase. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, weighing multi-element metal nitrates, and mixing to obtain a first mixed solution; s2, dissolving ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid in ammonia water to obtain a second mixed solution; mixing the first mixed solution, the second mixed solution and citric acid to form a mixed precursor solution; s3, carrying out second heating treatment on the mixed precursor solution, and adjusting the pH value to form a gel precursor; and S4, carrying out pre-sintering treatment, third heat treatment and calcination treatment on the gel precursor to obtain a high-grade powder precursor, and carrying out ball milling and sieving treatment to obtain the A-site high-entropy solid oxide fuel cell cathode material. The cathode material is high in stability and good in chemical compatibility with a barrier layer GDC, provides high-quality mass transfer channels and active sites for O2 / O- / O2-, and has good electrochemical performance at medium and low temperatures.

The invention discloses an electricity and heat coordination method and system of a solid oxide fuel cell heat and power cogeneration system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a system operation parameter set (an electric load, a heat load, an electric pile temperature, a tail gas temperature and a fuel flow) in real time; determining a thermoelectric coordination control target value including a target power generation efficiency interval and a target heat supply temperature interval based on the parameter set; a fuel supply and air flow adjusting instruction is generated; executing the instruction to dynamically match the output power of the system with the electric load demand, dynamically match the output temperature of the waste heat recovery system with the thermal load demand, and generate a real-time heat-to-power ratio; when the stack temperature exceeds a preset safety threshold value, the fuel flow is preferentially reduced to a temperature return safety interval, and the air flow is synchronously compensated according to a stoichiometric ratio; and dynamically correcting the boundary value of the target power generation efficiency interval based on the real-time heat-to-electricity ratio, so that the real-time heat-to-electricity ratio of the system is always in the preset optimal efficiency interval. According to the invention, dynamic decoupling control and continuous efficiency optimization of the electric heating load are realized.

The present disclosure provides a prediction method of electrochemical and mechanical performances of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) in a cold-hot cycle, and belongs to the technical field of SOFCs. In the present disclosure, a cold-hot cycle test is performed on SOFC pile, a polarization curve and an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are measured by an electrochemical workstation, and contributions of different electrode reaction processes to voltage attenuation are analyzed quantitatively; the mechanical performance (bending strength, elastic modulus and hardness) after different numbers of cold-hot cycle services is tested, and based on change of Ni particles, the electrochemical performance and the mechanical performance of the SOFC pile are quantitatively associated; an attenuation coupling relationship of the electrochemical performance and the mechanical performance of the SOFC pile is disclosed and an attenuation theory model of the electrochemical performance and the mechanical performance of the SOFC pile is built. In this way, a change law of the electrochemical performance and the mechanical performance of the SOFC pile after different numbers of cold-hot cycles and a cold-hot cycle service life of the SOFC pile can be accurately predicted, which is of great significance to improve the thermal shock resistance of the cold-hot cycles of the SOFC pile, so as to promote SOFC commercialization applications.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells, and discloses an SOFC-heat storage-heat pump multi-energy complementary system and a cooperative control method, and the system comprises a fuel processing module, an SOFC power generation device, a gas turbine, a heat storage system and a heat pump. The invention further discloses a cooperative control method for the SOFC-heat storage-heat pump multi-energy complementary system. The cooperative control method comprises the following steps that S1, a three-level cooperative control framework of a global optimization layer, an equipment control layer and an execution layer is established; s2, constructing an information interaction framework; s3, constructing a dynamic energy management strategy, and implementing waste heat hierarchical scheduling; s4, constructing an electric power-thermal power collaborative optimization regulation and control mode; s5, constructing an optimization objective function, optimizing the objective at fixed time, and performing rolling optimization; and S6, carrying out calibration of the weight coefficient of the optimization objective function and calibration of balance between the prediction time domain and the control time domain. According to the invention, the effects of minimizing the operation cost, maximizing renewable energy consumption and prolonging the service life of equipment are realized.

The invention provides a heat-electricity coupling driven indirect cooling and heat regeneration mixed exhaust turbofan engine, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engines, the heat-electricity coupling driven indirect cooling and heat regeneration mixed exhaust turbofan engine comprises an engine body, and an indirect cooling and heat regeneration heat exchange system, a transmission system and an electric propulsion system are arranged in the engine body; the electric propulsion system is connected with the transmission system and drives the transmission system to do work, the transmission system and the electric propulsion system are both arranged at the middle section position of the engine body, and the indirect cooling heat regeneration heat exchange system is arranged at the head section position and the tail section position of the engine body. According to the heat-electricity coupling driven intercooling regenerative mixed exhaust turbofan engine, the solid oxide fuel cell is introduced, so that the thermodynamic cycle effective work of the engine is increased, the overall energy utilization rate of a propulsion system is remarkably improved, an optimal power supply degree design value interval is provided, and the power supply degree design value interval is optimized. And a design reference basis is provided for reasonable thermal-electric energy distribution of the corresponding propulsion system configuration in the design stage.

The invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell and a preparation method thereof. The solid oxide fuel cell comprises a sheet substrate, a first cell monomer and a second cell monomer, wherein the first cell monomer and the second cell monomer are fixed on the front and back surfaces of the sheet substrate; each of the first battery monomer and the second battery monomer comprises a porous supporting layer, an anode functional layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode functional layer which are sequentially stacked and connected; the sheet body substrate is connected between the porous support layer of the first battery monomer and the porous support layer of the second battery monomer; a separation groove is formed in the sheet body substrate, and a fuel gas flow channel is formed among the separation groove, the first battery monomer and the second battery monomer. After the pipeline connected with the fuel gas is communicated with the fuel gas flow channel, the fuel gas only flows in the fuel gas flow channel, and the fuel gas flow channel has good sealing performance. And the porous supporting layer, the anode functional layer, the electrolyte layer and the cathode functional layer are planar sheet bodies which are printed and formed layer by layer, so that the manufacturing difficulty is low, industrial large-scale manufacturing is facilitated, and the production cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a marine LNG solid oxide fuel cell energy gradient utilization zero-carbon emission system and an operation method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the energy utilization rate can be effectively increased, gradient utilization of cold-heat-electricity composite energy can be achieved, and the technical advantages of pure electric power, low noise, no pollution, zero carbon emission and high energy efficiency of a ship system are reflected. The marine fuel cell zero carbon emission system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell-HCCI internal combustion engine module, an exhaust gas carbon capture module, an ORC cycle module, an air supply module, an external reforming module and an energy distribution module. The waste gas carbon capture module is used for capturing waste gas generated by the system and is used for being linked with the ORC circulation module. And the ORC cycle module is linked with the solid oxide fuel cell-HCCI internal combustion engine module. The air supply module is used for exchanging heat with the HCCI internal combustion engine through external air. The external reforming module is used for providing heat and water vapor to the reformer.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid fuel cells, and discloses a porous gradient anode supported solid fuel cell impedance optimization method which is applied to a system comprising a plurality of porous gradient anode impedance sensors and an optimization controller. The method comprises the steps that a sensor collects voltage and current data to generate an impedance state data set; the optimization controller constructs a regional impedance state matrix, extracts features through processing, performs impedance distribution prediction in combination with a potential gradient and the like, outputs spatial and temporal distribution features through an impedance optimization model, and updates a data set; and dynamically optimizing regional electrode parameters according to the distribution characteristics, including voltage adjustment, current aggregation, resistance distribution and other operations. According to the method, through multi-sensor distributed acquisition, multi-dimensional feature analysis and dynamic modeling, accurate prediction and parameter dynamic regulation and control of electrode impedance spatial and temporal distribution are realized, the performance and stability of the solid fuel cell are improved, and the method is suitable for the field of solid fuel cell management.

This invention relates to a method for fabricating a planar anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell and the solid oxide fuel cell itself. The fabrication method includes the following steps: preparation of a support slurry and anode support green body; preparation of functional layer slurry and functional layer; preparation of electrolyte layer slurry and electrolyte layer; debinding and sintering; preparation of barrier layer slurry and barrier layer; preparation of cathode layer slurry and cathode layer; and molding and sintering. The solid oxide fuel cell includes an anode support, an anode functional layer, an electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode layer. This invention features a short process flow, low production cost, multiple active sites in the battery reaction, and good battery performance.

The invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, and provides a solid oxide fuel cell composite support body, a preparation method thereof, a solid oxide fuel cell and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method of the solid oxide fuel cell composite support body comprises the following steps: S1, preparing sacrificial layer slurry, support layer slurry and transition layer slurry; s2, the sacrificial layer slurry, the supporting layer slurry and the transition layer slurry are sequentially placed in a casting machine, the sacrificial layer slurry is placed at the bottom, a blank obtained after casting is subjected to phase inversion curing in a water bath, a sacrificial layer is removed, and the composite supporting body is obtained. According to the preparation method of the composite support body provided by the invention, thermal expansion matching is synergistically optimized through the phase inversion finger-shaped hole support layer and the gradient transition layer, the bonding interface is strengthened, the bonding strength and the electrochemical performance of the battery are remarkably improved, and the composite support body is suitable for vehicle-mounted and distributed energy systems.

The invention discloses a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid power system and an energy recovery control method thereof, belongs to the technical field of fuel cell hybrid power systems, and particularly relates to a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid power system and an energy recovery control method thereof. The technical problems that in the prior art, dynamic load adaptability is poor, system cooperative control is insufficient, the cold start process is slow, unreacted fuel energy recovery is inaccurate, and the knocking risk exists are solved. The system comprises an execution unit, a sensing monitoring unit and a control unit, and the execution unit comprises a solid oxide fuel battery pack, an elliptical piston rotor machine, a generator, a turbine, a gas compressor and a heat exchange device. The solid oxide fuel cell hybrid power system and the energy recovery control method thereof are suitable for constructing a hybrid power system which needs to be efficiently, stably and quickly started and can adapt to a wide load change range.

The invention discloses a layered structure solid oxide fuel cell composite cathode catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of solid oxide fuel cells. The invention aims to solve the problem that the electro-catalytic performance and low-oxygen reduction reaction activation energy of the existing medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell are poor. The Sr2. 9Ca0. 1Fe2O7-CuO composite cathode catalyst is prepared by adopting a sol-gel method and a solid phase method, the components in a sol-gel system are in a nanometer range, the reaction is easier to carry out, the reaction temperature is low, the prepared materials are uniformly mixed, and the sol-gel method is carried out in a solution, so that even if the content of doped elements is very low, the doping can be easily realized; the material is prepared by adopting a solid phase method, and the method has the advantages of convenience in operation, simple synthesis process, uniform particle size, no agglomeration of powder particles, good filling property, low cost, high yield and the like, so that the electrochemical performance of the cathode catalyst is improved, and the method is convenient to operate and suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses a fuel cell-turbofan engine hybrid power system for a cross-medium aircraft, and relates to the technical field of aero-engines, the system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell, a turbofan engine, a lithium battery, an energy management module, a motor, a propeller, a reforming hydrogen production device and a medium self-adaptive oxidant supply subsystem. In an air flight mode, the system adopts autothermal reforming hydrogen production, a fuel cell and a turbofan engine to cooperatively work, a high-efficiency low-oil-consumption low-speed cruise and high-thrust acceleration mode is provided, and meanwhile, a lithium battery is charged. In the underwater submerging and water surface sailing mode, a turbofan engine flow channel is closed, steam reforming hydrogen production is adopted, a hybrid power system composed of a fuel cell and a lithium battery is used for driving a propeller, the fuel cell provides stable power, and the lithium battery meets the instantaneous high-power requirement. The system solves the problems that a traditional power system is low in efficiency, poor in cruising ability, single in working mode and the like.

A propulsion system (100) for an aircraft as disclosed herein may include a nacelle (180), a shaft (110) positioned centrally within a cylindrical passageway (184) of the nacelle (110), a fan (120) coupled to one end (112) of the shaft (110), a turbine (130) coupled to an opposite end (114) of the shaft (110), an electric motor (140) coupled to the shaft (110), a compressor (160) positioned within the cylindrical passageway (184), and a solid oxide fuel cell (150) positioned with a hollow ring-shaped interior (182) of the nacelle (180). The hollow ring-shaped interior (182) may surround and be isolated from the cylindrical passageway (184). The turbine (130) may be configured to provide primary torque to the shaft (110) while the electric motor (140) may be configured to provide additional torque to the shaft (110). The electric motor (140) may be powered an electric output (152) of the solid oxide fuel cell (150) while the turbine (130) may be powered at least in part by output gases (154) from the solid oxide fuel cell (150).

The invention provides a prediction method and a prediction device for the service life of a solid oxide fuel cell SOFC. The prediction method comprises the following steps: acquiring multi-source state data and obtaining a multi-domain feature set based on the multi-source state data; obtaining a first comprehensive health index sequence based on attention features in the multi-domain feature set; obtaining a sub-sequence based on the first comprehensive health index sequence, and dividing the sub-sequence into a low-frequency trend component and a high-frequency residual component; inputting the low-frequency trend component into a first data model, inputting the high-frequency residual component into a second data model, and respectively obtaining a low-frequency prediction sequence and a high-frequency prediction sequence; adjusting parameters of the first data model and the second data model by using the physical model, and predicting to obtain a physical model prediction sequence; and obtaining a residual service life prediction result of the SOFC based on the data model prediction sequence and the physical model prediction sequence. Therefore, the accuracy of predicting the service life of the SOFC can be improved.

The invention discloses an electricity-hydrogen-heat coupling new energy system and an energy management method thereof, and relates to the technical field of energy management, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring the difference power between the wind-solar power generation power and the load demand of a user, the outdoor temperature, the hydrogen storage capacity of a hydrogen storage tank, the charge state of a storage battery, and the heat storage capacity of a fused salt storage tank in real time; according to the difference power and the outdoor temperature, the following energy management strategies are executed: when the output of the wind power generation module and the solar photovoltaic power generation module is greater than the load demand, excess power is stabilized through hydrogen production of an alkaline electrolytic cell, charging of a storage battery and heating of a fused salt storage tank; when the output of the wind power generation module and the solar photovoltaic power generation module is smaller than the load demand, the solid oxide fuel cell, the gas turbine and the storage battery are used for meeting the load power consumption; according to the method, coupling control over electricity, hydrogen and heat is achieved, the wind curtailment and light curtailment rate is reduced, and the overall energy utilization rate of the system is improved.

Hybrid propulsion systems that utilize liquid natural gas solid oxide fuel cells in a manner practical for use in aircraft that avoid the use of heavy batteries, provide transient response times suitable for use in aircraft, and / or simplify reactant pre-conditioning systems using a compressor and turbine pair operatively coupled to the solid oxide fuel cell. Such hybrid propulsion systems for an aircraft may include a liquid natural gas solid oxide fuel cell, a motor driven by electric power from the solid oxide fuel cell, a gearbox operatively coupled to the motor, and a turbofan engine configured to generate thrust for the aircraft. The turbofan engine may be configured to provide electric power and shaft power and may include a duct fan that is operatively coupled to the motor via the gearbox, with the duct fan being driven by mechanical power from the gearbox and by the motor.

Provided herein are CO2-selective membranes that can be used to efficiently separate CO2 and CO. The membranes can be used to produce high-purity CO2 and CO gas streams from a feed gas stream comprising a mixture of CO2 and CO (e.g., an exhaust gas stream from a fuel cell, such as a solid oxide fuel cell). In this way, the membranes can be used with a solid oxide fuel cell system to covert CO2 to CO.

A propulsion system for an aircraft as disclosed herein may include a nacelle, a shaft positioned centrally within a cylindrical passageway of the nacelle, a fan coupled to one end of the shaft, a turbine coupled to an opposite end of the shaft, an electric motor coupled to the shaft, a compressor positioned within the cylindrical passageway, and a solid oxide fuel cell positioned with a hollow ring-shaped interior of the nacelle. The hollow ring-shaped interior may surround and be isolated from the cylindrical passageway. The turbine may be configured to provide primary torque to the shaft while the electric motor may be configured to provide additional torque to the shaft. The electric motor may be powered an electric output of the solid oxide fuel cell while the turbine may be powered at least in part by output gases from the solid oxide fuel cell.

A propulsion system for an aircraft as disclosed herein may include a nacelle, a shaft positioned centrally within a cylindrical passageway of the nacelle, a fan coupled to one end of the shaft, a turbine coupled to an opposite end of the shaft, an electric motor coupled to the shaft, a compressor positioned within the cylindrical passageway, and a solid oxide fuel cell positioned with a hollow ring-shaped interior of the nacelle. The hollow ring-shaped interior may surround and be isolated from the cylindrical passageway. The turbine may be configured to provide primary torque to the shaft while the electric motor may be configured to provide additional torque to the shaft. The electric motor may be powered an electric output of the solid oxide fuel cell while the turbine may be powered at least in part by output gases from the solid oxide fuel cell.

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells in the field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a quasi-two-dimensional multi-physical field modeling method of a reversible solid oxide fuel cell. The method is a universal quasi-two-dimensional multi-physical field modeling method which considers dynamic processes such as electrochemical reaction, heat transfer, gas diffusion and conversion in the reversible solid oxide fuel cell, explores an electricity-hydrogen-heat coupling relation in a single cell and can describe the distribution condition of physical variables in the airflow direction. According to the invention, a general battery electrochemical model formula is adopted, and the mode switching can be easily carried out by changing the symbol of the current density (the fuel battery mode is' + ', and the electrolytic cell mode is'-'); a finite volume method thought is adopted, a single battery model is simplified into a channel model, and five temperature layers are considered; three dynamic processes of heat transfer, gas diffusion and conversion are calculated according to the law of conservation, and thermoelectric data and other model parameters are obtained.

The invention provides a thermal response glass ceramic repairing agent based on microcapsule packaging, a preparation method of the thermal response glass ceramic repairing agent, an application of the thermal response glass ceramic repairing agent in self-repairing of an SOFC electrolyte and a solid oxide fuel cell. The repairing agent comprises a nano-porous Al2O3 microcapsule and a glass ceramic repairing agent packaged in the nano-porous Al2O3 microcapsule, the glass ceramic repairing agent comprises a low-temperature flowing glass phase and an ionic conductive ceramic phase, when the electrolyte crack expands, the microcapsule is broken to release the repairing agent; the glass phase melts and flows at the running temperature of the SOFC to fill cracks, and then is crystallized to form MgAl2O4-CeO2 composite ceramic compatible with electrolyte, and a compact structure is recovered. Compared with the prior art, the repairing agent disclosed by the invention is compatible with an SOFC electrolyte material, can trigger repairing at an operating temperature, adopts a microcrack self-repairing technology which does not damage an electrode layer, can realize real-time repairing without shutdown, and can automatically trigger repairing after cracks are generated.

The invention discloses an SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) natural gas reforming hydrogen production system, a using method thereof and a power generation system, and relates to the technical field of SOFC stacks, the SOFC natural gas reforming hydrogen production system comprises an injection mixer, a reforming hydrogen production device, a water vapor input pipeline and a natural gas input pipeline, the injection mixer and the reforming hydrogen production device are connected in sequence, and the water vapor input pipeline and the natural gas input pipeline are respectively communicated with the injection mixer; natural gas and water are conveyed into the injection mixer through the natural gas input pipeline and the water vapor input pipeline respectively, are mixed in the injection mixer and then are discharged into the reforming hydrogen production device; comprising an SOFC electric pile, and the SOFC electric pile is communicated with a gas outlet of a reforming hydrogen production device through a pipeline; deionized water enters a water vapor generator to become high-pressure water vapor, the high-pressure water vapor enters an injection mixer according to a certain molar ratio, natural gas with a certain molar ratio is injected, mixed gas with a stable water-carbon ratio is generated, then the mixed gas enters a reforming hydrogen production device for reforming hydrogen production, reformed gas of H2 and CO is generated, and then the reformed gas enters an SOFC electric pile for power generation. The water-carbon ratio can be accurately controlled, the service life is long, the power generation efficiency is high, and carbon deposition is not prone to occurring.

The invention discloses a solar energy-biomass collaborative conversion distributed energy system based on calcium-based thermochemical heat storage driving biomass gasification. The solar energy-biomass collaborative conversion distributed energy system comprises a heat storage system, a biomass gasification system, a solid oxide fuel cell combined gas turbine power generation system, a Rankine cycle power generation system, a hot water supply system and pipelines for connecting all the systems. According to the heat storage system, heat energy is stored in the form of chemical energy through the concentrating solar energy technology and the calcium-based thermochemical heat storage technology, and continuous operation of the system is guaranteed. According to the biomass gasification system, heat released in the calcium oxide carbonation process is used for providing heat for the biomass gasification furnace, and biomass materials are converted into high-temperature synthesis gas. And then the high-temperature synthesis gas passes through a high-temperature purification device and then enters a solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine system of top layer circulation to generate electric power. And finally, the waste heat flue gas provides heat energy for a steam power Rankine cycle and a hot water supply system.

The invention discloses a hydrogen energy production and production-and-use distributed energy supply system, which relates to the technical field of new energy, and comprises a hydrogen production module which comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank, an alkaline electrolytic tank and a solid oxide electrolytic tank and runs through a three-mode collaborative architecture, in combination with a light-electricity-heat synergistic catalysis device and a wastewater or industrial tail gas coupling hydrogen production device, the hydrogen storage and safety management module comprises a metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a metal organic framework material hydrogen storage unit and a liquid organic hydrogen storage unit. According to the invention, multi-source, high-efficiency and low-cost hydrogen production is realized through the hydrogen production module with a three-mode collaborative architecture in combination with light-electricity-heat collaborative catalysis and wastewater / industrial tail gas coupling hydrogen production, and meanwhile, a solid oxide fuel cell and micro gas turbine combined cycle, a hydrogen combustion turbine direct drive and a multi-type energy storage unit in the energy supply module realize multi-source, high-efficiency and low-cost hydrogen production. And in cooperation with waste heat-cold energy gradient utilization, the energy conversion efficiency and the comprehensive energy utilization rate are greatly improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells, and discloses a construction method of a solid oxide fuel cell multi-physical field bidirectional strong coupling simulation model and a computer program product. The method comprises the following steps: respectively constructing an electrochemical model, a positive / negative electrode fluid flow model and a heat transfer model of the solid oxide fuel cell based on an established geometric structure model; solving equations of the physical fields in all the models are combined to form a full coupling matrix, and iterative solving is carried out according to a set initial value; and judging whether the constructed model is converged or not according to an iterative solution result. According to the model constructed by the method, the mutual influence among electrochemistry, flow and heat transfer processes is fully considered, and synchronous solving is performed through a unified matrix system, so that real-time interaction and collaborative updating among multiple physical fields are realized, and the convergence efficiency and numerical stability of a nonlinear coupling problem are remarkably improved; through inspection, the deviation between a simulation result and actually measured data is less than 8%, and the method has high engineering practical value.

The invention discloses an SOFC bipolar plate multi-target topological optimization and comprehensive evaluation method, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, inputting initial design data, defining a design domain and an initial design variable, and establishing a finite element discretization model of a bipolar plate structure; then, according to the performance requirements of the SOFC bipolar plate, analyzing the heat transfer performance and the flowing performance respectively, and ensuring that the bipolar plate has good heat conductivity and gas flowing characteristics; constructing a multi-objective optimization function based on an analysis result, and reasonably weighting optimization objectives of heat transfer and flowing properties; and iteratively updating the design variables by using an optimization algorithm to realize optimization of the geometric structure and material distribution of the bipolar plate. After each round of iteration, judging whether a termination condition is met, and if not, continuing optimization; and if yes, outputting a final optimization result. According to the method, the heat transfer and flowing properties of the SOFC bipolar plate can be remarkably improved, the multi-objective optimization requirement is met, and the method has high engineering practical value.

A propulsion system for an aircraft as disclosed herein may include a nacelle, a shaft positioned centrally within a cylindrical passageway of the nacelle, a fan coupled to one end of the shaft, a turbine coupled to an opposite end of the shaft, an electric motor coupled to the shaft, a compressor positioned within the cylindrical passageway, and a solid oxide fuel cell positioned with a hollow ring-shaped interior of the nacelle. The hollow ring-shaped interior may surround and be isolated from the cylindrical passageway. The turbine may be configured to provide primary torque to the shaft while the electric motor may be configured to provide additional torque to the shaft. The electric motor may be powered an electric output of the solid oxide fuel cell while the turbine may be powered at least in part by output gases from the solid oxide fuel cell.

This invention discloses a methane-electric-hydrogen reversible solid oxide fuel cell system with shared system components, belonging to the field of hydrogen energy and energy storage. The system mainly consists of a fuel cell stack, electric heater, mixer, splitter, heat exchanger, and combustion chamber. The system can flexibly switch between power generation and electrolysis modes. Components such as the fuel cell stack, feedwater heat exchanger, fuel heat exchanger, and air heat exchanger are used in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes. The use of shared system components greatly improves the utilization rate of system components, reduces system investment costs, and facilitates thermal management. In this system, hydrogen generated in electrolysis mode is directly stored in natural gas pipelines without the need for hydrogen storage equipment, significantly reducing hydrogen storage costs. This technology is expected to solve the large-scale energy storage problem in the utilization of intermittent renewable energy at low cost, and improve the grid's ability to absorb renewable energy.