484 results about "Solid oxide fuel cell" patented technology

The invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell and a preparation method thereof. The solid oxide fuel cell comprises a sheet substrate, a first cell monomer and a second cell monomer, wherein the first cell monomer and the second cell monomer are fixed on the front and back surfaces of the sheet substrate; each of the first battery monomer and the second battery monomer comprises a porous supporting layer, an anode functional layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode functional layer which are sequentially stacked and connected; the sheet body substrate is connected between the porous support layer of the first battery monomer and the porous support layer of the second battery monomer; a separation groove is formed in the sheet body substrate, and a fuel gas flow channel is formed among the separation groove, the first battery monomer and the second battery monomer. After the pipeline connected with the fuel gas is communicated with the fuel gas flow channel, the fuel gas only flows in the fuel gas flow channel, and the fuel gas flow channel has good sealing performance. And the porous supporting layer, the anode functional layer, the electrolyte layer and the cathode functional layer are planar sheet bodies which are printed and formed layer by layer, so that the manufacturing difficulty is low, industrial large-scale manufacturing is facilitated, and the production cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid power system and an energy recovery control method thereof, belongs to the technical field of fuel cell hybrid power systems, and particularly relates to a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid power system and an energy recovery control method thereof. The technical problems that in the prior art, dynamic load adaptability is poor, system cooperative control is insufficient, the cold start process is slow, unreacted fuel energy recovery is inaccurate, and the knocking risk exists are solved. The system comprises an execution unit, a sensing monitoring unit and a control unit, and the execution unit comprises a solid oxide fuel battery pack, an elliptical piston rotor machine, a generator, a turbine, a gas compressor and a heat exchange device. The solid oxide fuel cell hybrid power system and the energy recovery control method thereof are suitable for constructing a hybrid power system which needs to be efficiently, stably and quickly started and can adapt to a wide load change range.

The invention discloses a fuel cell-turbofan engine hybrid power system for a cross-medium aircraft, and relates to the technical field of aero-engines, the system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell, a turbofan engine, a lithium battery, an energy management module, a motor, a propeller, a reforming hydrogen production device and a medium self-adaptive oxidant supply subsystem. In an air flight mode, the system adopts autothermal reforming hydrogen production, a fuel cell and a turbofan engine to cooperatively work, a high-efficiency low-oil-consumption low-speed cruise and high-thrust acceleration mode is provided, and meanwhile, a lithium battery is charged. In the underwater submerging and water surface sailing mode, a turbofan engine flow channel is closed, steam reforming hydrogen production is adopted, a hybrid power system composed of a fuel cell and a lithium battery is used for driving a propeller, the fuel cell provides stable power, and the lithium battery meets the instantaneous high-power requirement. The system solves the problems that a traditional power system is low in efficiency, poor in cruising ability, single in working mode and the like.

The invention provides a prediction method and a prediction device for the service life of a solid oxide fuel cell SOFC. The prediction method comprises the following steps: acquiring multi-source state data and obtaining a multi-domain feature set based on the multi-source state data; obtaining a first comprehensive health index sequence based on attention features in the multi-domain feature set; obtaining a sub-sequence based on the first comprehensive health index sequence, and dividing the sub-sequence into a low-frequency trend component and a high-frequency residual component; inputting the low-frequency trend component into a first data model, inputting the high-frequency residual component into a second data model, and respectively obtaining a low-frequency prediction sequence and a high-frequency prediction sequence; adjusting parameters of the first data model and the second data model by using the physical model, and predicting to obtain a physical model prediction sequence; and obtaining a residual service life prediction result of the SOFC based on the data model prediction sequence and the physical model prediction sequence. Therefore, the accuracy of predicting the service life of the SOFC can be improved.

The invention discloses an electricity-hydrogen-heat coupling new energy system and an energy management method thereof, and relates to the technical field of energy management, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring the difference power between the wind-solar power generation power and the load demand of a user, the outdoor temperature, the hydrogen storage capacity of a hydrogen storage tank, the charge state of a storage battery, and the heat storage capacity of a fused salt storage tank in real time; according to the difference power and the outdoor temperature, the following energy management strategies are executed: when the output of the wind power generation module and the solar photovoltaic power generation module is greater than the load demand, excess power is stabilized through hydrogen production of an alkaline electrolytic cell, charging of a storage battery and heating of a fused salt storage tank; when the output of the wind power generation module and the solar photovoltaic power generation module is smaller than the load demand, the solid oxide fuel cell, the gas turbine and the storage battery are used for meeting the load power consumption; according to the method, coupling control over electricity, hydrogen and heat is achieved, the wind curtailment and light curtailment rate is reduced, and the overall energy utilization rate of the system is improved.

Hybrid propulsion systems that utilize liquid natural gas solid oxide fuel cells in a manner practical for use in aircraft that avoid the use of heavy batteries, provide transient response times suitable for use in aircraft, and / or simplify reactant pre-conditioning systems using a compressor and turbine pair operatively coupled to the solid oxide fuel cell. Such hybrid propulsion systems for an aircraft may include a liquid natural gas solid oxide fuel cell, a motor driven by electric power from the solid oxide fuel cell, a gearbox operatively coupled to the motor, and a turbofan engine configured to generate thrust for the aircraft. The turbofan engine may be configured to provide electric power and shaft power and may include a duct fan that is operatively coupled to the motor via the gearbox, with the duct fan being driven by mechanical power from the gearbox and by the motor.

A propulsion system for an aircraft as disclosed herein may include a nacelle, a shaft positioned centrally within a cylindrical passageway of the nacelle, a fan coupled to one end of the shaft, a turbine coupled to an opposite end of the shaft, an electric motor coupled to the shaft, a compressor positioned within the cylindrical passageway, and a solid oxide fuel cell positioned with a hollow ring-shaped interior of the nacelle. The hollow ring-shaped interior may surround and be isolated from the cylindrical passageway. The turbine may be configured to provide primary torque to the shaft while the electric motor may be configured to provide additional torque to the shaft. The electric motor may be powered an electric output of the solid oxide fuel cell while the turbine may be powered at least in part by output gases from the solid oxide fuel cell.

The invention discloses a hydrogen energy production and production-and-use distributed energy supply system, which relates to the technical field of new energy, and comprises a hydrogen production module which comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank, an alkaline electrolytic tank and a solid oxide electrolytic tank and runs through a three-mode collaborative architecture, in combination with a light-electricity-heat synergistic catalysis device and a wastewater or industrial tail gas coupling hydrogen production device, the hydrogen storage and safety management module comprises a metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a metal organic framework material hydrogen storage unit and a liquid organic hydrogen storage unit. According to the invention, multi-source, high-efficiency and low-cost hydrogen production is realized through the hydrogen production module with a three-mode collaborative architecture in combination with light-electricity-heat collaborative catalysis and wastewater / industrial tail gas coupling hydrogen production, and meanwhile, a solid oxide fuel cell and micro gas turbine combined cycle, a hydrogen combustion turbine direct drive and a multi-type energy storage unit in the energy supply module realize multi-source, high-efficiency and low-cost hydrogen production. And in cooperation with waste heat-cold energy gradient utilization, the energy conversion efficiency and the comprehensive energy utilization rate are greatly improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells, and discloses a construction method of a solid oxide fuel cell multi-physical field bidirectional strong coupling simulation model and a computer program product. The method comprises the following steps: respectively constructing an electrochemical model, a positive / negative electrode fluid flow model and a heat transfer model of the solid oxide fuel cell based on an established geometric structure model; solving equations of the physical fields in all the models are combined to form a full coupling matrix, and iterative solving is carried out according to a set initial value; and judging whether the constructed model is converged or not according to an iterative solution result. According to the model constructed by the method, the mutual influence among electrochemistry, flow and heat transfer processes is fully considered, and synchronous solving is performed through a unified matrix system, so that real-time interaction and collaborative updating among multiple physical fields are realized, and the convergence efficiency and numerical stability of a nonlinear coupling problem are remarkably improved; through inspection, the deviation between a simulation result and actually measured data is less than 8%, and the method has high engineering practical value.

A propulsion system for an aircraft as disclosed herein may include a nacelle, a shaft positioned centrally within a cylindrical passageway of the nacelle, a fan coupled to one end of the shaft, a turbine coupled to an opposite end of the shaft, an electric motor coupled to the shaft, a compressor positioned within the cylindrical passageway, and a solid oxide fuel cell positioned with a hollow ring-shaped interior of the nacelle. The hollow ring-shaped interior may surround and be isolated from the cylindrical passageway. The turbine may be configured to provide primary torque to the shaft while the electric motor may be configured to provide additional torque to the shaft. The electric motor may be powered an electric output of the solid oxide fuel cell while the turbine may be powered at least in part by output gases from the solid oxide fuel cell.

A solid oxide fuel cell is disclosed. The solid oxide fuel cell includes: an anode support electrode; a solid oxide electrolyte disposed on the anode support electrode; and a cathode electrode disposed on the solid oxide electrolyte. The anode support electrode includes: a first support layer having a porous structure and including a cermet of nickel and first yttria-stabilized zirconia containing yttria in a proportion of 1 mol% to 5 mol%; a second support layer which has a porous structure, is provided on the first support layer, and is formed from metal ceramic of nickel, second yttria-stabilized zirconia having a higher yttria content than the first yttria-stabilized zirconia, and alumina; and an anode functional layer which is provided on the second support layer so as to be in contact with the solid oxide electrolyte, and which is formed from a cermet of yttria-stabilized zirconia and nickel.

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy and energy storage, and provides a renewable energy hydrogen production control system based on dynamic power matching and hydrogen storage collaboration, which comprises a power conversion system with a constant voltage mode and constant power mode millisecond switching capability; the modularized electrolytic cell array is formed by connecting a plurality of proton exchange membrane electrolytic cells in parallel; the hydrogen storage cooperation unit comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank group, a solid oxide fuel cell and a hydrogen purification device; the intelligent control unit is used for executing a three-stage control strategy; the real-time control layer is used for executing proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell power instruction tracking and power grid frequency deviation compensation; the optimization scheduling layer adopts a reinforcement learning model prediction control algorithm to perform rolling optimization on the power distribution proportion of hydrogen production and power generation; and the planning layer is used for generating a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell start-stop plan and a hydrogen storage scheduling plan in combination with meteorological prediction and electricity market transaction data. The problems that wind-solar power generation fluctuation is large, and a traditional hydrogen production system is slow in response and insufficient in economical efficiency can be solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and provides a solid oxide fuel cell and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a half-cell precursor comprising an electrolyte layer and a NiO-based ceramic layer; placing the half-cell precursor in an acid solution for reaction treatment, selectively etching to remove at least part of NiO phase in the NiO-based ceramic layer, and cleaning to form a porous ceramic layer; injecting nickel slurry into pores of the porous ceramic layer, and performing drying and first calcination treatment to form a porous Ni-based metal ceramic composite anode layer; and preparing a porous cathode layer on the surface of the other side of the electrolyte layer to form the solid oxide fuel cell. According to the method, the NiO phase of the NiO-based ceramic layer is removed by using the pickling solution, and the nickel slurry is injected to construct the porous Ni-based metal ceramic composite anode, so that the problems that the pore structure is random and difficult to control when the porous anode is prepared by pore-forming of a traditional pore-forming agent and reduction of NiO by introducing hydrogen, and the active area of the anode is reduced due to migration, agglomeration and coarsening of Ni particles are solved.

The invention discloses a training method and a fault diagnosis method of a solid oxide fuel cell system multi-fault diagnosis model based on a graph neural network, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining multi-source time sequence operation data of an SOFC system in different operation states, and obtaining a data set; the operation state comprises a normal state, a single fault state and a composite fault state, and the data set is marked with an operation state label; preprocessing the sample data in the data set, generating a node feature matrix and a corresponding adjacent matrix according to each piece of sample data, and forming a graph structure data set; constructing a graph neural network model which sequentially comprises a multi-head graph attention layer, a residual graph convolution layer and a global pooling classification layer, then taking graph structure data in the graph structure data set as input, taking a corresponding operation state as output, and training the graph neural network model to obtain a trained multi-fault diagnosis model; the method can be used for multi-fault decoupling diagnosis of the SOFC system, and diagnosis accuracy and practicability are improved.

A system may include a cooling device configured to receive exhaust gases, generated by a solid oxide fuel cell, including water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide. The cooling device may be further configured to cool the exhaust gases producing cooled exhaust gases. The system may further include a compression device configured to compress the cooled exhaust gases to produce compressed exhaust gases. The system may further include a carbon capture device configured to capture at least a portion of the carbon dioxide from the compressed exhaust gases to produce treated exhaust gases. The hydrogen and the carbon monoxide may be majority components of the treated exhaust gases.

The invention relates to the technical field of energy systems, in particular to a methane gradient utilization system based on SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) and copper chloride circulation, comprising a methane reforming and SOFC power generation unit for converting methane fuel into electric energy and combusting anode tail gas to generate high-temperature flue gas; the copper-chlorine circulating hydrogen production unit is connected with a high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the methane reforming and SOFC power generation unit, heat energy of the high-temperature flue gas is used for driving a copper-chlorine thermochemical circulating reaction, and hydrogen is prepared by taking water as a raw material; and the waste heat power generation and recovery unit is connected with a cathode tail gas pipeline of the methane reforming and SOFC power generation unit and a tail gas outlet pipeline of the copper chloride circulation hydrogen production unit, and is used for carrying out power generation and heat supply on waste heat in a cascade recovery system. According to the system, grade alignment and gradient utilization of energy are achieved, high-temperature waste gas of the SOFC system is sequentially used for driving copper-chlorine hydrogen production, ORC power generation and hot water supply, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte thin film and a preparation method thereof, the electrolyte thin film sequentially comprising a transition layer, a self-repairing layer and a compact layer is formed on the surface of one side of a substrate, the transition layer is made into a film through a solid-liquid phase forming process, and first sintering is carried out to obtain the solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte thin film, the self-repairing layer and the compact layer are obtained through the vacuum sputtering coating process at the room temperature, and the compact and thin electrolyte film is obtained at the low preparation temperature, so that the energy consumption cost can be reduced, and commercialized application is facilitated. According to the preparation method, relatively good film-substrate binding force and film compactness can be realized, pores and cracks are not easy to generate under extreme conditions, and the prepared electrolyte film is relatively flat in surface and can realize relatively good interface contact.

A fuel electrode and systems containing the electrode are disclosed. A fuel electrode for use in a solid oxide electrochemical apparatus includes an electron conductor and an oxygen ion conductor. The electron conductor includes Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), and Magnesium oxide (MgO). The oxygen ion conductor includes doped Ceria. The fuel electrode includes a cermet current collector that also includes Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Magnesium oxide (MgO), and doped ceria. The current collector also includes metal that is less prone to oxidization, such as certain precious metals. A solid oxide electrochemical cell includes the fuel electrode, an oxygen electrode, and a power supply in operable communication with both electrodes. A method of operating the solid oxide electrochemical cell as either a solid oxide electrolysis cell or a solid oxide fuel cell includes reducing the fuel electrode, if it becomes oxidized, without having to dismantle or replace the fuel electrode.

The application discloses an electrochemical performance testing device and application, relates to the solid oxide fuel cell technical field, and the electrochemical performance testing device includes single cell clamp, the single cell to be measured, electrochemical performance testing components and temperature control and gas control components; the single cell clamp includes ceramic tube one and ceramic tube two which are arranged in a sleeve shape and fixing pieces; the ceramic tube one is a gas inlet pipeline, the outer diameter of the ceramic tube one is smaller than the inner diameter of the ceramic tube two, and the gap between the ceramic tube one and the ceramic tube two is a gas outlet pipeline; the fixing pieces clamp and fix the ceramic tube one; the single cell to be measured fixes one end of the sealed ceramic tube two; the single cell to be measured and the electrochemical performance testing components form a loop through the lead wire passing through the ceramic tube one; the temperature control and gas control components are used for adjusting the temperature of test gas and driving test gas into the gas inlet pipeline.The device is easy to assemble, has good air tightness, avoids gas leakage of the single cell during the testing process, and guarantees the accuracy and safety of the testing result.

This invention belongs to the field of solid oxide fuel cell technology, specifically relating to a method for preparing and applying a highly catalytically active and stable high-entropy double perovskite direct ammonia solid oxide fuel cell anode. The anode material is characterized by having the general chemical formula Sr₂Fe₃. x Sn y Co y Nb y Zr y Mo z O 6‑δ Wherein, 0.75≤x≤1, 0.15≤y≤0.25, 0.25≤z≤0.4, 0≤δ≤1, and δ represents the oxygen vacancy content. The material of this invention exhibits excellent catalytic activity and outstanding stability, effectively solving the Sr₂Fe₂O₃ problem. 1.5 Mo 0.5 O6 anode material exhibits structural instability at high temperatures (above 800℃) and tends towards perovskite-like Sr3FeMoO2. 6.5 The problem of transformation. The material of this invention and the electrolyte material La. 0.9 Sr 0.1 Ga 0.8 Mg 0.2 O 2.85 The material exhibits good chemical compatibility, and solid oxide fuel cells fabricated using this invention demonstrate excellent electrochemical performance and superior long-term stability under both H2 and NH3 conditions. The material is simple to prepare, possesses excellent performance, and has broad application prospects.

The invention discloses a solid oxide fuel cell LSCFNMC cathode material as well as a preparation method and application of high-entropy doped sol-gel of the solid oxide fuel cell LSCFNMC cathode material, and belongs to the technical field of SOFC solid oxide fuel cells. The chemical formula of the cathode material is La < 0.6 > Sr < 0.4 > Co < 0.2 > Fe < 0.2 > Ni < 0.2 > Mn < 0.2 > Cu < 0.2 > O < 3 >, the thermal expansion coefficient is 13.81 * 10 <-6 > K <-1 >, and the applicable temperature is 600-800 DEG C. The LSCFNMC cathode material has a thermal expansion coefficient better matched with that of a common YSZ electrolyte, the stability of the material is greatly enhanced, the performance of the LSCFNMC cathode material in long-time operation is far better than that of a traditional LSCF cathode material, and the LSCFNMC cathode material shows better electrochemical performance in the medium-high temperature range of 600-800 DEG C.

The invention provides a connection structure design method and device for a multi-stack solid oxide fuel cell, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a plurality of gas path connection structures of the multi-stack solid oxide fuel cell; for each gas path connection structure, constructing an operation parameter combination comprising an electric pile output current, a fuel utilization rate, an air excess ratio and a bypass valve opening degree; carrying out iterative solution on the operation parameter combinations respectively corresponding to the various gas path connection structures by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the maximum output efficiency of the fuel cell corresponding to each gas path connection structure; and determining the gas path connection structure corresponding to the maximum value in the maximum output efficiency of the fuel cell of the plurality of gas path connection structures as a target gas path connection structure. According to the invention, the purpose of designing the optimal gas circuit connection structure of the multi-stack solid oxide fuel cell can be achieved.

This invention provides a self-sealing, anti-carbon-deposit, electrically symbiotic solid oxide fuel cell structure, relating to the field of battery technology. The battery structure includes a connecting weight reforming plate, an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode. The connecting weight reforming plate includes a connecting body, with a battery support porous region and an oxidation gas flow channel respectively on its upper and lower surfaces. The lower surface of the battery support porous region has a reforming and reforming gas flow channel, and a reforming porous region is located between the reforming and reforming gas flow channel and the oxidation gas flow channel. The reforming porous region is separated from the upper and lower flow channels by a leak-free wall. The anode, electrolyte, and cathode are sequentially stacked on the upper surface of the battery support porous region. This battery structure achieves self-sealing of the reformed fuel and reformed gas, reducing the sealing difficulty of planar SOFCs. The indirect reforming of the fuel in the reforming porous region avoids excessive local thermal stress during internal reforming, which could cause battery structural damage and anode carbon deposition, significantly improving battery performance and service life.

This method maintains electronic conductivity and oxygen reduction reactions while suppressing the decrease in gas diffusion performance due to sintering. [Solution] An electrochemical element in which an electrode layer 2, an electrolyte layer 4, and a counter electrode layer 6 are stacked in the order described, and the air electrode or oxygen generating electrode, which is either the electrode layer 2 or the counter electrode layer 6, has an active layer 6a in which an oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out from the side of the electrolyte layer 4 and a diffusion layer 6b for diffusing gas, wherein the diffusion layer 6b is composed of a mixture of particulate LSCF and CoMn metal oxide, which is a metal oxide containing particulate Co and Mn.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells, and particularly relates to an electrode catalyst of a solid oxide fuel cell suitable for sulfur-containing fuel. The NiMo-YSZ electrode catalyst with the straight hole and spherical hole composite structure is prepared through a tape casting-phase conversion method and a vacuum-assisted impregnation process; the mass transfer efficiency and the specific surface area are improved by a composite pore structure in the obtained catalyst, and Mo actively captures sulfur by virtue of dual mechanisms of surface selective adsorption and bulk phase chemical sulfur fixation and can be dynamically regenerated. H2S can be reduced from 120 ppm to 14 ppm, and the removal rate reaches 88%; when the catalyst is operated in sulfur-containing hydrogen and methanol for 300 hours, the performance stability is respectively improved by 160% and 125%, the decline rate is as low as 0.4 mV / h, 98% of initial performance is regenerated and recovered, the tradeoff bottleneck of'activity-stability 'is broken through, and reliable support is provided for efficient and stable application of sulfur-containing hydrocarbon fuel SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell).

This invention relates to a medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode material and its preparation method. The invention employs a sol-gel method to synthesize perovskite oxide Pr 0.1 Ba 0.9 Co 0.8 Zr 0.1 Y 0.1 O 3‑δ The material contains PrBaCo2O with a double perovskite structure. 5+δ BaCo with single perovskite structure 0.8 Zr 0.1 Y 0.1 O 3‑δ Two phases. Multiphase Pr 0.1 Ba 0.9 Co 0.8 Zr 0.1 Y 0.1 O 3‑δ The sample achieved a conductivity of 100 S / cm within the operating temperature range of a mid-temperature solid oxide fuel cell. ‑1 At 700℃, the polarization impedance is 0.06 Ωcm. 2 This meets the requirements for cathode materials in solid oxide fuel cells. The electrolyte-supported single cell achieved a maximum power density of 710 mW / cm³ at 800℃. ‑2 The single cell underwent continuous and stable discharge at a constant current for 200 hours without performance degradation, demonstrating excellent output performance stability. In summary, perovskite oxide Pr 0.1 Ba 0.9 Co 0.8 Zr 0.1 Y 0.1 O 3‑δ It is a potential cathode material for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.

The present invention provides a bonding material, electrochemical module, solid oxide fuel cell, solid oxide electrolytic cell, electrochemical device, and energy system that can be fired at relatively low temperatures and achieve low resistance and high adhesion under operating conditions. [Solution] A bonding material 10 for bonding an electrochemical element E, in which an electrode layer 2, an electrolyte layer 4, and a counter electrode layer 6 are stacked in the order described above, to an inter-cell connecting member 26 by firing, wherein the bonding material 10 is made by mixing particulate LSCF and CoMn metal oxide, which is a metal oxide containing particulate Co and Mn. After firing, the ratio of the mass of La to the mass of Co is in the range of 1.651 to 2.306.

This invention belongs to the field of solid oxide fuel cell control and optimization technology, and particularly to a dual-input model predictive control method for solid oxide fuel cells with carbon deposition constraints. It includes the following steps: S1: Constructing a DIR-SOFC controlled object model with 11 state variables; S2: Solving for the optimal control increment through sequential quadratic programming; S3: Constructing a constraint system; S4: Introducing an adaptive setpoint for the output voltage that adjusts linearly with the load current density. The model dimension of this invention is expanded from the existing 3 states to 11 states, fully covering six gas phase partial pressures, bilinear coupling of carbon accumulation and catalyst activity, and three-zone thermal dynamics. The ODE white-box prediction engine accurately reflects MSR nonlinearity and positive feedback of carbon deposition. Compared with ARMAX black-box prediction, the error is reduced from approximately 3% to less than 0.8%, with an average single-step calculation time of 133ms, meeting the real-time constraint of a 1s sampling time.

The invention discloses a temperature self-compensation type staggered stacked direct ammonia solid oxide fuel cell stack and a method, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells. The first single-layer battery unit and the second single-layer battery unit with the reverse flow channel layout are alternately stacked and are not overlapped in the vertical projection direction, so that the high-temperature area of the upper-layer unit and the low-temperature area of the lower-layer unit form thermal coupling in the vertical direction, and cold and heat offset is realized by utilizing inherent heat conduction in the galvanic pile; the technical problem that the axial temperature difference is remarkable due to inlet heat absorption / outlet heat release reaction coupling of an existing direct ammonia fuel SOFC is solved, and the temperature gradient in a galvanic pile is remarkably inhibited on the premise that external energy consumption is not needed.

The invention discloses a system and a method for dehydrogenation of methyl cyclohexane by using a fuel cell. The system comprises an electrochemical dehydrogenation power generation unit which takes a solid oxide fuel cell as a reactor and is used for performing an electrochemical dehydrogenation reaction on methylcyclohexane to generate a dehydrogenation product containing toluene and simultaneously generating electric energy; the electrochemical hydrogenation unit takes a proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank as a reactor and is used for carrying out electrochemical hydrogenation reaction on toluene and hydrogen to generate methylcyclohexane; and in the material circulation loop, toluene generated by the electrochemical dehydrogenation power generation unit is at least partially conveyed to the electrochemical hydrogenation unit to serve as a reactant, and methylcyclohexane generated by the electrochemical hydrogenation unit is at least partially conveyed to the electrochemical dehydrogenation power generation unit to serve as a reactant. The electrochemical reaction path is used for replacing traditional thermocatalysis, the reaction efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the system is a green and efficient energy comprehensive utilization system.