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Cathode for magnetic plasma power thruster

A magnetic plasma and thruster technology, applied in the field of magnetic power, can solve the problems of cathode cracking and low emission efficiency, and achieve the effects of strong electron emission capability, enhanced plasma, and comprehensive performance improvement

Active Publication Date: 2021-06-11
BEIJING INST OF CONTROL ENG
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: Aiming at the cathode cracking and surface melting problems caused by the low electron emission efficiency of the cathode in the traditional MPDT thruster in the prior art and the need for high temperature maintenance, a nanocomposite doped magnetic plasma dynamic thrust is proposed. The composition of the cathode of the device and the preparation method thereof ensure the electron emission efficiency and anti-ablation ability of the cathode and improve the life of the cathode

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  • Cathode for magnetic plasma power thruster
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Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0035] A nanocomposite doped magnetic plasma power thruster cathode, directly adding nano oxides and alloy elements and metal elements with magnetic corresponding. The key to the thermal emission stability and long life of the tungsten electrode with oxide added is that the melting point and work function of the oxide are lower than those of pure tungsten, and the ablation rate is faster than that of tungsten. During the working process, the oxide in the matrix tungsten migrates and diffuses in time The surface of the electrode is used to replenish the oxides lost by surface evaporation. The oxide particles on the electrode surface are easy to cause discharge, and the subsequent discharge process is easy to occur on these oxides. Adding a certain amount of metal alloy elements can improve the density, toughness and thermal stability of the electrode, and can also reduce ablation and control the diffusion of oxides. Adding a certain amount of metal alloy elements can improve th...

Embodiment 2

[0046] Based on Example 1, using the powder metallurgy method, by adding CeO 2 , ZrO 2 and La 2 o 3 Nano-scale oxides such as Re, Nb, Ta, Fe, Co, Ni and other alloy elements with magnetic response are mixed with tungsten powder and pressed and sintered to prepare a nanocomposite doped magnetic plasma power thruster cathode. The thruster cathode material has a lower work function than the tungsten electrode, which greatly reduces the working temperature of the electrode, reduces ablation, stabilizes the arc plasma, and improves the service life of the thruster cathode. The specific preparation method is as figure 1 shown.

[0047] The preparation of nano-composite doped magnetic plasma power thruster cathode includes nine stages of raw material selection, raw material mixing, cold pressing, high temperature sintering, high temperature air hammer forging, heating swaging, heat treatment, surface processing and cathode processing.

[0048] Preferably, the selected tungsten p...

Embodiment 3

[0063] A composition for the cathode of a magnetoplasma power thruster, in mass percentage, the composition is composed of the following compounds:

[0064] Doped oxides and alloying elements with a mass percentage not exceeding 20%;

[0065] Metal elements with magnetic response not exceeding 5% by mass;

[0066] The rest is tungsten;

[0067] The doped oxide is La 2 o 3 , CeO 2 , ZrO 2 One or more combinations of; the alloy element is one or more combinations of Re, Nb, Ta; the magnetically responsive metal element is one or more combinations of Fe, Co, Ni.

[0068] Preferably, the particle size of the tungsten powder is 0.5um-5.0um, and the oxygen content is ≤40ppm.

[0069] Preferably, the particle size of the doped oxide is 50nm-500nm.

[0070] A preparation method for a cathode of a magnetic plasma power thruster, using the above composition, comprising the steps of:

[0071] Mix tungsten powder, doped oxides, alloy elements, and metal elements with magnetic resp...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode for a magnetic plasma power thruster. Nano oxides, alloy elements and metal elements with magnetic response are added into a tungsten electrode. In the working process, the nanometer oxides are migrated and diffused to the surface of an electrode in time so as to supplement oxides lost by surface evaporation, oxide particles on the surface of the electrode easily cause discharge, and the subsequent discharge process easily occurs on the oxides. By adding the metal alloy elements, the density, obdurability and thermal stability of the electrode can be improved, ablation can be reduced, and diffusion of the oxides can be controlled. The metal elements with magnetic response are added, so that the density, the obdurability, the magnetic responsiveness and the thermal stability of the electrode can be improved, the ablation can be reduced, and the diffusion of the oxides can be controlled. By means of composite doping, the synergistic effect between the different oxides and the metal elements can be utilized, and improvement of the comprehensive performance of the electrode is facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cathode for a magnetic plasma power thruster, which belongs to the technical field of magnetic power. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of manned deep space exploration technology, propulsion technology is one of the most critical technologies. It requires large payload, stable spacecraft operation, and short voyage time. Therefore, high-thrust propulsion technology is required. Among them, the magnetoplasma dynamic thruster (MPDT) has the advantages of high thrust density, easy realization of high power, low working voltage, simple structure, and many types of applicable propellants. In MPDT, the cathode is used in harsh thermal environments such as high current discharge, which is a key component that limits the life of the entire MPDT thruster. However, existing MPDT thruster cathodes have problems such as severe local ablation, melting, fracture, and short life, which make it difficult to main...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22C27/04C22C32/00C22C1/05B22F3/105F03H1/00
CPCC22C27/04C22C32/0031C22C1/05B22F3/105F03H1/0081
Inventor 王戈魏延明周成杨志懋姚兆普丛云天王宝军刘旭辉孔春才赵博强周天宇
Owner BEIJING INST OF CONTROL ENG
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