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Flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte, preparation method and lithium battery containing flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte

A solid-state electrolyte and solid-liquid mixing technology, applied in the field of electrolytes, can solve the problems of flammability of electrolytes, deterioration of electrode-electrolyte interface, reduction of mechanical strength of electrolytes, etc. effect of reaction

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-27
INST OF CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the existing works still use the flammable carbonate / ether electrolyte as the liquid phase, so that the overall electrolyte is still flammable.
There are also some works that introduce flame-retardant liquids (such as phosphate esters) into solid-liquid mixed solid-state electrolytes by swelling, but free phosphate esters may lead to deterioration of the electrode-electrolyte interface and reduce the mechanical strength of the electrolyte.

Method used

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  • Flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte, preparation method and lithium battery containing flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte
  • Flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte, preparation method and lithium battery containing flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte
  • Flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte, preparation method and lithium battery containing flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

preparation example 1

[0074] The synthesis of preparation example 1 phosphorus-containing organic compound 1#

[0075] In a four-neck flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a constant pressure dropping funnel, and a condenser, add 54g (0.4mol) of pentaerythritol and 50ml of solvent toluene, heat up to 50°C, add phosphorus trichloride dropwise, and then heat up to reflux. During this process, a slight negative pressure should be maintained in the system. After the reflux, the unreacted phosphorus trichloride, solvent and hydrogen chloride were distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow transparent viscous liquid, which was cooled to room temperature and solidified to obtain the intermediate product (I). The yield was 95%. Selection of material ratio The molar ratio of phosphorus trichloride to pentaerythritol is 2.5:1.

[0076] Add 60mL of solvent to the intermediate product (I) in the first step, raise the temperature to about 50°C and wait for it to completely dissolve, then ...

preparation example 2

[0079] The synthesis of preparation example 2 phosphorus-containing organic compound 2#

[0080] 2,2-Bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-bis[(2-bromopropyl-2-chloropropyl)phosphate]propane

[0081] In a four-necked beaker equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel, and a condenser, add 34g (0.25mol) of pentaerythritol and solvent toluene. Add 1 / 2 amount of phosphorus trichloride dropwise, while slowly raising the temperature to 50°C, and react for 2 hours. Then warm to reflux. At the same time, add another 1 / 2 amount of phosphorus trichloride dropwise. During this process, a certain low vacuum is maintained from time to time. After reflux reaction for 3 hours, filter while it is hot, and evaporate unreacted phosphorus trichloride, solvent and hydrogen chloride under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow transparent viscous liquid, which is recorded as intermediate (I). The crude yield is 98%, and no purification is necessary. The molar ratio of phosphorus chloride to pentaer...

Embodiment 1

[0086] Take lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide at a molar concentration of 1 mol / L and dissolve it in a mixed solution of triethyl phosphate and vinylene carbonate (volume ratio: 1.5:1), and stir to completely dissolve it under dry conditions , and then, add azobisisobutyronitrile (0.1%, molar ratio to vinylene carbonate) into the mixed solution, stir and dissolve to obtain a transparent and uniform solution, namely the precursor solution. The precursor solution is polymerized at 45 degrees Celsius to obtain a flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte. Put the battery filled with the precursor solution at 45 degrees Celsius to initiate the polymerization of the precursor electrolyte, and then a battery using a flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte can be obtained.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte, a preparation method and a lithium battery containing the flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte. The flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte comprises a flame-retardant liquid phase component, a lithium salt and a polymer network structure, wherein the flame-retardant liquid phase component and the lithium salt are dispersed in the polymer network structure; the flame-retardant liquid phase component comprises a phosphorus-containing organic compound; the phosphorus-containing organic compound comprises phosphate ester, phosphite ester, phosphonate and halides thereof, and is efficient flame-retardant liquid; the high-molecular network structure is obtained by polymerizing high-molecular network structure monomers; and the polymer network structure monomer is selected from at least one of ester compounds containing C = C, and has high mechanical strength. According to the electrolyte obtained by the invention, the cycle performance and the safety performance of the battery can be well improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The application relates to a flame-retardant solid-liquid mixed solid electrolyte, a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytes. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of electric vehicles and distributed energy storage, people have a more urgent pursuit of high specific energy energy storage systems. Due to the high specific capacity (3860mAh g -1 ) and low electrochemical reduction potential (-3.04V vs. standard hydrogen electrode), the battery based on metal lithium as the negative electrode has high energy density in theory, but the traditional metal lithium battery based on organic liquid electrolyte is due to metal lithium and The unstable chemical interaction between liquid electrolytes and its serious safety hazards greatly limit the application of metal lithium batteries. With solid-state electrolytes, the dendrite growth and side reactions of lithium m...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0565H01M10/42H01M10/052
CPCH01M10/0565H01M10/4235H01M10/052H01M2300/0085Y02E60/10
Inventor 郭玉国谭双杰辛森殷雅侠
Owner INST OF CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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