Preparation method of efficient and stable perovskite solar cell

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and discloses a preparation method of an efficient and stable perovskite solar cell. According to the method, a functional material CZ-Py taking carbazole as a core structure is introduced on the surface of perovskite to serve as a passivation layer, an organic small molecule material CZ-As is adopted as a hole transport material, and then a perovskite solar cell device is assembled. According to the invention, the introduction of the passivation layer can passivate the defects of the perovskite surface and the grain boundary so as to effectively improve the transmission performance of charges, and can also isolate the perovskite from being in contact with water vapor and oxygen and inhibit the degradation of the perovskite so as to improve the stability of the device; the energy levels of the hole transport material, the passivation material and the perovskite material are arranged in a stepped manner, and the energy levels are reasonably matched, so that charge extraction and transmission are facilitated; and the passivation material and the hole transport material have the advantages of being simple in synthesis, low in cost, high in hole mobility and conductivity, good in thermal stability and chemical stability and the like, and are suitable for being used in a perovskite solar cell preparation process on a large scale.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and relates to a preparation method of a high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cell. Background technique [0002] In the past ten years, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been greatly increased from the initial 3.8% to more than 25%, which has attracted extensive attention from many scholars (J.J.Yoo,G .Seo, M.R.Chua, T.G.Park, Y.Lu, F.Rotermund, Y.K.Kim, C.S.Moon, N.J.Jeon, J.P.Correa-Baena, V.Bulovic, S.S.Shin, M.G.Bawendi, J.Seo, Nature 2021, 590, 587- 593.). The high efficiency of perovskite solar cells stems from the excellent optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials, such as high light absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility, low exciton binding energy, and tunable direct bandgap. et al. (S.De Wolf, J.Holovsky, S.J.Moon, P.Loper, B.Niesen, M. Ledinsky, F.J.Haug, J.H.Yum, C.Ballif, J.Ph...

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Problems solved by technology

These defects will not only lead to the decline of crystal quality and seriously affect the transport of carriers, but also accelerate the penetration of moisture / oxygen and accelerate the degradation of perovskite, which in turn will have a negative impact on the efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells. Adverse effects (H.Li, J.Shi, J.Deng, Z.Chen, Y.Li, W.Zhao, J. Wu, H.Wu, Y.Luo, D.Li, Q.Meng, Adv. Mater .2020,32,e1907396.)

On the other hand, most of the current high-efficiency perovskite solar cells use 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis[N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobis Fluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) and poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) as hole transport materials (HTM), however, Spiro-OMeTAD and PTAA The tedious synthetic routes and complicated purification steps make them high-cost materials, limiting their large-scale application in future commercialization (E.H.Jung, N.J. Jeon, E.Y. Park, C.S. Moon, T.J. Shin, T.-Y. Yang, J.H.Noh, J.Seo, Nature 2019, 567, 511-515; N.J.Jeon, H.G.Lee, Y.C.Kim, J. Seo, J.H.Noh, J.Lee, S.I.Seok, J.Am.Chem.Soc.2014, 136 ,7837-7840.)

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