Environment-friendly device and structure for absorbing external heat to evaporate water and concentrating deuterium water and tritium water

Abstract

Deuterium water and tritium water are important foundations of nuclear power industry, medical treatment and the like, but an existing deuterium water concentration technology consumes much energy, is extremely high in cost and is very complex. Nuclear wastewater generated by a first nuclear power station of the Fukushima island in Japan contains a large amount of radioactive substances such as tritium, strontium 90, cobalt 16, iodine 129, carbon 14, technetium 99 and the like, and the treatment cost is high; and the Japan government decides that the nuclear wastewater is discharged into the Pacific Ocean in two years on April 13, 2021, which will cause serious influence on the ecological environment of the Pacific Ocean and the ecological environment of the whole ocean. According to the environment-friendly device and structure for absorbing external heat to evaporate water and concentrating deuterium water and tritium water, water 5 wets a water absorption substance 1 through gravity flow and capillarity and absorbs external heat to evaporate; protium water in the water 5 is discharged through a gas diffusion separation method by utilizing the difference that the molecular weight of protium water is smaller than that of deuterium water and tritium water, so that the concentrations of deuterium water, tritium water and other substances in water 5 are increased; and the deuterium water and the tritium water can be further extracted while the nuclear wastewater is harmlessly treated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of concentrating deuterium water, in particular to the technical field of concentrating deuterium water and tritium water by evaporation technology. . Background technique [0002] The existing technology of using evaporation technology to concentrate deuterium water and tritium water uses the boiling point of protium water (molecular formula H2O, molecular weight 18.0153) is 100 ℃, deuterium water (molecular formula D2O, molecular weight 20.0275) boiling point is 101.42 ℃, tritium water in tritium water under one atmospheric pressure (Molecular formula T2O) The boiling point is a small difference of 104°C. Distilling natural water, 99.73% of the protium water in the natural water is evaporated by controlling the evaporation temperature, and the raffinate contains more deuterium water, tritium water, semi-deuterium water (molecular formula HDO), heavy oxygen water, oxygen-18 water, extreme deuterium water, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] 1. It requires a lot of energy consumption, high production costs and increased carbon emissions;

[0004] 2. In the process of heating, evaporating and vaporizing, a large amount of heat generated is transferred to the external environment, aggravating global warming;

[0005] 3. The equipment requires high precision, the process is very complicated, and the control is difficult

[0006] In today's energy shortage in the world, deuterium water is an important foundation for the nuclear power industry and medical treatment, but extracting deuterium water consumes a lot of energy, the cost is extremely high, and the technology is very complicated, which seriously restricts the development of the nuclear power industry and certain medical technologies; at the same time , the tritium water produced by nuclear power plants (especially tritium water containing radioactive element tritium) is increasing, seriously affecting the ecological environment of the earth, and there is an urgent need for low-cost tritium water separation technology

In particular, the nuclear wastewater of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan not only contains tritium, but also a large amount of radioactive substances such as strontium 90, cobalt 16, iodine 129, carbon 14, technetium 99, etc. The half-life of these elements is very long, and it is easier to It is absorbed by marine organisms and seabed mud, so it is more likely to be enriched in fish and other bodies, and enter human food; but due to the high cost of processing, the Japanese government decided to discharge it two years later on April 13, 2021 The Pacific Ocean will seriously affect the ecological environment of the Pacific Ocean and the entire ocean

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